Cystic fibrosis Flashcards
1
Q
how does CF effect gas exchange
A
- mucus accumulate in bronchioles and can block and can block bronchioles
- bacteria trapped in mucus increases the possibility of infection
- mucus reduces air flow into alveoli
- number of alveoli in contact with fresh air is reduced
- reduction of the total surface area for gas exchange
2
Q
how does CF effect digestive system
A
- mucus blocks pancreatic duct
- digestive enzymes cannot reach the small intestine
- food is not properly digested leading to tiredness and difficulty gaining weight
- enzymes trapped with the pancreas caused fibroses cysts
- insulin producing cells are damaged leasing to diabetes
3
Q
how does CF effect reproductive system
A
- in men the sperm duct is missing or blocked with mucus so sperm cannot leave the testes
- in women a mucus plug blocks to cervix so sperm cannot reach the egg
4
Q
what is the CFTR protein
A
CFTR is a transmembrane specific channel protein found in the membrane of epithelial cells which allows for the facilitated diffusion of Cl- ions out of the cell into the mucus to thin it
5
Q
CFTR in a healthy person
A
- chloride ions diffuse out of the cell through the CFTR channel into the mucus
- this increases the solute concentration of the mucus
- water moves into the mucus by osmosis
6
Q
CFTR in a CF person
A
- CFTR channel is non-functional
- Cl- ions cannot diffuse out of the cell through the CFTR channel into the mucus
- water does not move by osmosis into the mucus
- mucus therefore remains thick and sticky
