CXR Interpretation - Exam 1 Flashcards
on an Xray, what color is dense tissue? What color is air?
dense (bone) is lighter and air is black
Which view (AP/PA) will the heart look larger? Which view is standard?
heart will look larger in AP view
PA view is standard
What are the standard 2 CXR views?
PA and lateral
What is the correct pt positioning for PA and lateral?
PA - performed with the chest against the detector
Lateral - performed with the left side of the body against the detector
When would you order a lateral decubitus chest xray?
pleural effusions vs consolidation
loculated effusions vs free pleural fluid
evaluate for small pneumothorax
What is the positioning for a pleural effusion? pneuomothorax?
pleural effusions - the side of interest should be down (because fluid will draw down away from the sterum so you can see it around the lateral chest wall)
pneumothorax - the side of interest should be up (because air rises and want to see the around NOT around the sterum)
expiratory view, foreign body with air trapping, what side will appear larger?
affected side will appear larger
What is a lordotic view? Why would you order one?
shoot xray at an upward angle.
evaluation of the lung apices that appear obscured on the PA/AP
When would you order an AP CXR? How is it performed?
reserved for patients who cannot stand erect
performed supine or sitting
How can you tell if an xray is PA or AP?
What is the way to remember how we know the CXR image is of good quality?
PAIR
Penetration
Artifact
Inclusion
Rotation
_______ is the degree to which X-rays have passed through the body. How can you tell?
penetration
Vertebrae are slightly visible behind the heart
Left hemidiaphragm should be visible to the edge of the spine
Is this image under or over pentrated?
under penetrated
Is this image over or under penetrated?
over penetrated
What are 3 radiologic artifacts?
Abnormal rotation of patient
Incomplete inspiration
Incorrect penetration
What are 6 patient artifacts?
Poor cooperation of patient
Movement
Clothing, hair, jewelry
Metal or implants in the body
Skin folds
Adipose or breast tissue
What are 4 things to look for when making comments about an image’s inclusion?
5-7 Anterior Ribs : angled (PA)
10 Posterior Ribs: horizontal (PA)
Costophrenic Angles
Lateral edges of Ribs
How do you determine if an image has rotation present?
Spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae should be at the midline of the posterior chest
The medial ends of the clavicles should form a vertical line and should be equidistant from the midline
What is the pneumonic to interpreting a chest xray?
A-B-C-D-EF-G-H
Airway: Trachae/Bronchi
Bones
Circulation: Heart size/mediastinum
Diaphragm
Extra Features:
Gastric air/ free air
Hilium
In a good chest xray: Trachea should be _____, straight and branches off to R/L mainstem bronchus at the ______
mideline
carina
How many lobes does the left lung have? Right? What are the fissures called for each?
Draw and label the right lung from a lateral view with the different lobes and fissures clearly labeled.