CVS anatomy 1 Flashcards
Where is the heart located?
Middle mediastinum
What is the heart related to anteriorly?
Sternum and costal cartilages 4-7
What is the heart related to posteriorly?
Oesophagus and descending aorta
What is the heart related to laterally?
Pleura and phrenic nerve
What is the heart related to inferiorly?
Central tendon of diaphragm
What vertebrae does the heart lie anterior to?
T5-T8
Where is the apex of the heart located?
5th left intercostal space, midclavicular line
What forms the posterior surface of the heart?
Left atrium
What forms the anterior surface of the heart?
Right ventricle, right atrium and left ventricle
What forms the superior border of the heart?
Auricles and great vessels
What are the 2 layers of the pericardium?
Fibrous and serous pericardium
What type of tissue is the fibrous pericardium?
Dense irregular connective tissue
What is the coronary sulcus?
Separates atria from ventricles
What are the 2 main branches of the right coronary artery?
Right marginal artery
Posterior descending artery
What are the 2 main branches of the left coronary artery?
Circumflex artery
Left anterior descending artery
What does the right coronary artery supply?
Right atrium and right ventricle
What does the right marginal artery supply?
Right ventricle and apex
What does the left marginal artery supply?
Left ventricle
What does the left circumflex artery supply?
Left atrium and left ventricle
What vein lies alongside the anterior interventricular artery?
Great cardiac vein
What does the left anterior descending artery supply?
Right ventricle, left ventricle and interventricular septum
What vein lies alongside the posterior?
Middle cardiac vein
What vein lies alongside the right marginal artery?
Small cardiac vein
Where does the coronary sinus drain into?
Right atrium
In terms of the heart, what does the phrenic nerve innervate?
Fibrous pericardium and parietal layer of serous pericardium
In the terms of the heart, what does the vagus nerve innervate?
Innervates heart and visceral layer of serous pericardium
Where does the sympathetic nerve supply of the heart originate from?
T1-T4
What are the main features of the right atrium?
- Openings for IVC, SVC and coronary sinus
- Fossa ovalis
- Musculi pectinati and crista terminalis
- Tricuspid valve
What are the main features of the right ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
3x papillary muscle
Chordae tendineae
Trabeculae craneae
Moderator band
Opening for pulmonary trunk
How many papillary muscles are in the left ventricle and the right ventricle?
Right - 3
Left - 2
