CV System - Health and Fitness Flashcards
what is the definition of health
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity/injury.
what is the definition of fitness
The ability to meet and cope with the demands of the environment
What is atherosclerosis
Occurs when arteries harden and narrow as they become clogged up by fatty deposits
What is atheroma
A fatty deposit found in the inner lining of an artery
What is angina
Chest pain that occurs when the blood supply through the coronary arteries to the muscles of the heart is restricted
What happens if a piece of fatty deposit (atheroma) breaks off in the coronary artery
can cause blood clot, cuts off supply of oxygen to the heart resulting in a heart attack
What is blood pressure
The force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall
What is a stroke
When blood supply to the brain is cut off
What is steady state
Where the athlete is able to meet the oxygen demand with the oxygen supply
How does exercise affect cholesterol levels
Regular activity lowers bad LDL cholesterol and increases good HDL cholesterol levels
What are the two types of strokes
Ischaemic, occurs due to blood clot
Haemorrhagic, occurs when a weakened blood vessel supplying the brain bursts
What are the two types of cholesterol
High-Density Lipoproteins
Low-Density Lipoproteins
What are High-Density Lipoproteins
‘Good’ cholesterol which transports excess cholesterol to the liver to be broken down.
What disease does HDL cholesterol lower the risk of?
Heart Disease
What are Low-Density Lipoproteins
‘Bad’ cholesterol - Too much can cause fatty deposits in the arteries
