Culture and Society

Question 1

visible eg. Flags, heritage objects, monuments

Answer 1

Tangible

Question 2

refers to the gradual acquisition of the characteristics and norms of a culture or a group by person, another culture etc

Answer 2

Enculturation

Question 3

Classical Theories of the origin of the society

Answer 3

Structural functional
Conflict Theory
Symbolic interactionism

Question 4

The study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies

Answer 4

Anthropology

Question 5

intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries

Answer 5

Xenophobia

Question 6

Powers

Answer 6

Tripartite

Question 7

is defined as constituting a fairly large number of people who are living in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area, and participate in a common culture

Answer 7

Society

Question 8

He stated that a society is an organized group of individuals. A culture is an organized group of learned responses

Answer 8

Ralph Linton

Question 9

having different cultures respect each other’s differences

Answer 9

Cultural diversity

Question 10

occurs when resources in a given society are distributed unevenly, through norms of allocation, that engender specific patterns along the lines of socially defined categories of persons

Answer 10

Social inequality

Question 11

German sociologist, philosopher, jurist, and political economist. His ideas profoundly influenced social theory and social research.

Answer 11

Max Weber

Question 12

All powerful

Answer 12

Omnipotence

Question 13

everywhere

Answer 13

Omnipresence

Question 14

all knowing

Answer 14

Omniscience

Question 15

4 Functions of culture

Answer 15

Culture defines situations
Culture defines attitudes, values and goals
Culture defines myths, legends and supernatural
Culture provides behavior patterns

Question 16

sociologist best known for coining the term ‘sociology,’ and as the founder of positivism

Answer 16

August Comte

Question 17

the idea that all norms, beliefs and values are dependent on their cultural context

Answer 17

Cultural relativism

Question 18

the feeling of disorientation experienced by someone who is suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture, way of life, or set of attitudes

Answer 18

Culture Shock

Question 19

He said that culture is a complex which includes knowledge, beliefs, art morals, law and any other capabilities and habits

Answer 19

E.B. Taylor

Question 20

guides in the performance of roles and in everyday actions and interactions

Answer 20

Rules

Question 21

2 kinds of Rules

Answer 21

written

unwritten

Question 22

was a French sociologist. He formally established the academic discipline and is commonly cited as the principal architect of modern social science

Answer 22

Emile Durkheim

Question 23

study the norms and values of societies

Answer 23

Social anthropology and cultural anthropology

Question 24

studies how language affects social life

Answer 24

Linguistic anthropology

Question 25

a primate of a family that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes

Answer 25

Hominids

Question 26

was a philosopher, economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, journalist and revolutionary socialist. Born in Trier to a middle-class family, Marx later studied political economy

Answer 26

Karl Marx

Question 27

an element, pattern, trait, or institution that is common to all human cultures worldwide. Eg. gender roles, the incest taboo, religious and healing ritual, mythology, marriage

Answer 27

Cultural universal

Question 28

He witnessed the evils of social inequality

Answer 28

Karl Marx

Question 29

It explores the issues of meaning-making and why this is crucial in understanding order or conflict as processes that brought society

Answer 29

Symbolic interactionism

Question 30

society is made possible by cooperation and interdependence. Society is a system with parts, and these parts have their respective functions.

Answer 30

Structural functional

Question 31

instead of putting importance to social order the conflict perspective see society as an arena.

Answer 31

Conflict theory

Question 32

is the preference for the products, styles, or ideas of someone else’s culture rather than of one’s own

Answer 32

Xenocentrism

Question 33

7 Characterisics of Culture

Answer 33

Culture is social 
Culture varies from society to society
Culture is shared
Culture is learned
Culture is transmitted among members of society
Culture is continuous and cumulative
Culture is gratifying and idealistic

Question 34

A belief in the inherent superiority of one’s own ethnic group or culture.

Answer 34

Ethnocentrism

Question 35

Main vehicle of culture

Answer 35

Language

Question 36

Functions of Ethnocentrism

Answer 36

It encourages the solidarity of group.
It hinders the understanding or the cooperation between group.
It often leads to social change.

Question 37

feature of the power of ideas to create social realities to members of society.

Answer 37

Social fact / Social phenomenon

Question 38

Declared Persona non grata / an unacceptable or unwelcome person

Answer 38

Karl Marx

Question 39

relabeled as ‘Critical historical’

Answer 39

Karl Marx

Question 40

Refers to contents of culture, Actions, Language, Attitude

Answer 40

The What

Question 41

Reasons for compliance and the mechanism that facilitate performance

Answer 41

The Why

Question 42

Processes Learned, Shared, Communicated

Answer 42

The How