Cultural & Sociopolitical Evolution (Lesson 11) Flashcards
- how species adapt to the environment
- close to betterment
EVOLUTION
PALEO = OLD
LITHIC = STONE
- OLD STONE AGE
PALEOLITHIC
DWELLING/HOUSE: mouths of caves, huts. skin tent
LIFESTYLE: Nomadic; groups of up to 50, tribal society, hunters & gatherers
TOOLS: not sharpened tools
CLOTHES: Animal skins
GOVERNANCE: tribal society; clan controlled by elders
ECONOMOY: no concept of private property
HEALTH: taller & lived longer than Neos
ART: cave paintings
SCUPLTURE MATERIAL: stone, mammoth ivory, reindeer horn
MAIN DISCOVERY: Fire, rough stone tools
FOOD: hunted & gathered
- no permanent house
- HUNTING & GATHERING SOCIETY
- EGALITARIAN
PALEOLITHIC
MESO = MIDDLE
- MIDDLE STONE AGE
MESOLITHIC
DWELLING/HOUSE: mud bricks made by timber
LIFESTYLE: Sedentary; permanent settlements
TOOLS: polished and sharpened tools
CLOTHES: Animal skins, woven garments (sinukat)
GOVERNANCE: military & religious leaders
- MONARCHY = ruled by single person
ECONOMOY: concept of private property emerged
HEALTH: shorter and lower life expectancy; typhoid & cavities
ART: wall paintings
SCULPTURE MATERIAL: stone, clay (baked)
MAIN DISCOVERY: agriculture, tools with polished stones
FOOD: grew crops (corns, beans, wheat)
- barter & trading
- PASTORAL SOCIETY
NEOLITHIC
- formed on the banks of rivers of Tigris & Euphrates (in Iran & Kuwait)
- early civilization began 12000 BCE
- extensive use of technology, literature, legal codes, philosophy, religion, architecture
MESOPOTAMIA
4 MAJOR MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATION
SUMERIAN
ASSYRIAN
AKKADAIN
BABYLONIAN
- developed along the Nile River
annual flooding = ensured reliable, rich soil for growing crops - struggles for political control
- writing system = hieroglyphics
- Rulers = Divine kingship
- Pharaohs = Gods
- trade network along the Nile, Red Sea, and in the East
EGYPT
