CSIM 1.7 Flashcards
1
Q
describe the changes associated with cell transformation?
A
- loss of contact inhibition
- loss of anchorage
- reduced growth factors
reduced cohesion immortality
2
Q
how does radiation cause carinnogenesis?
A
- UV light induces pyrimidine dimers in DNA
- normally repaired by high fidelity pathway
- excess damage overwhelms this pathway and use back-up error prone pathways causing mutations
3
Q
what is the function of proto-oncogene?
A
- regulate cell proliferation in normal cell
4
Q
how are the category for oncogene linked?
A
growth factor –> growth factor receptor –> signal transduction proteins –> transcription factors –> cell cycle regulators
5
Q
what is the role of tumour suppressor gene?
A
- counter the generation of neoplasm
6
Q
which gene is normally deleted or inactivated in 50% of all cancers?
A
P53
7
Q
how does HPV affect p53?
A
HPV E6 bind to P53 and promote degradation
8
Q
what are APC?
A
- adenomatous polyposis coli
9
Q
what is the function of APC?
A
prevent the uncontrolled growth of cells
10
Q
what does germline APC mutation cause?
A
familial adenomatous polyposis
11
Q
what does loss of apoptosis cause?
A
promote cell transformation
12
Q
what genes regulate apoptosis?
A
- oncogenes
- tumour suppressor genes
