Crude Oil

Question 1

What is crude oil?

Answer 1

Crude oil is a natural, unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials.

Question 2

True or False: Crude oil is a renewable resource.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are hydrocarbons?

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons are organic compounds made entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Crude oil is separated into different fractions through a process called __________.

Answer 4

fractional distillation

Question 5

What is the primary use of fractions obtained from crude oil?

Answer 5

The primary use is as fuels and raw materials for various chemicals.

Question 6

Which fraction of crude oil is typically used for gasoline?

Answer 6

The gasoline fraction, which is lighter and has a lower boiling point.

Question 7

What is the boiling point range for the kerosene fraction?

Answer 7

The boiling point range for kerosene is typically between 150°C and 300°C.

Question 8

True or False: The heavier fractions of crude oil are used for making lubricants.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the significance of the carbon chain length in hydrocarbons?

Answer 9

The carbon chain length affects the boiling point, viscosity, and flammability of the hydrocarbon.

Question 10

What is produced when crude oil undergoes complete combustion?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide and water are produced when crude oil undergoes complete combustion.

Question 11

How does crude oil contribute to greenhouse gas emissions?

Answer 11

Burning crude oil releases carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change.

Question 12

What are petrochemicals?

Answer 12

Petrochemicals are chemical products derived from petroleum, used to make plastics, fertilizers, and other chemicals.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down large hydrocarbons into smaller ones is called __________.

Answer 13

cracking

Question 14

What is the main purpose of catalytic cracking?

Answer 14

The main purpose of catalytic cracking is to increase the yield of gasoline from crude oil.

Question 15

True or False: Fractional distillation separates components based on their density.

Answer 15

False

Question 16

What is the role of a fractionating column in fractional distillation?

Answer 16

A fractionating column provides surface area for multiple vaporization and condensation cycles, allowing for better separation of fractions.

Question 17

What are the environmental impacts of oil spills?

Answer 17

Oil spills can cause severe damage to marine ecosystems, harm wildlife, and pollute coastal areas.

Question 18

What is the octane rating of gasoline?

Answer 18

The octane rating measures a fuel’s ability to resist knocking during combustion; higher ratings indicate better performance.

Question 19

What is the main component of natural gas?

Answer 19

The main component of natural gas is methane (CH4).

Question 20

Fill in the blank: The process of removing impurities from crude oil is known as __________.

Answer 20

refining

Question 21

What is the purpose of adding additives to fuels?

Answer 21

Additives are used to improve performance, reduce emissions, and prevent engine knocking.

Question 22

What are the two main types of crude oil?

Answer 22

The two main types are sweet crude oil, which has low sulfur content, and sour crude oil, which has high sulfur content.

Question 23

How does temperature affect the viscosity of crude oil?

Answer 23

As temperature increases, the viscosity of crude oil decreases, making it flow more easily.

Question 24

What is the relationship between crude oil and plastic production?

Answer 24

Crude oil is a primary raw material used to produce various types of plastics.

Question 25

True or False: Renewable energy sources can replace crude oil completely.

Answer 25

False, while renewable sources can reduce reliance on crude oil, a complete replacement is not yet feasible.