CP41 - lymphoma & myeloma Flashcards
what does B cell gain during maturation?
surface antigen
what is the basic explanation for myeloma?
the bone marrow produce only one type of immunoglobulin rather than a whole variety of them
what is myeloma
an incurable malignant disorder of clonal plasma cells
what does MGUS stands for?
monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance
what precede myeloma?
MGUS
what is the diagnostic criteria for myeloma?
> 10% of the plasma cells present in the bone marrow being neoplastic
or
Biopsy-proven bony/extramedullary plasmacytoma (neoplastic plasm cell mass outside of bone marrow)
and
CRAB features
MED
what are CRAB features?
C - hypercalcaemia
R - renal insufficiency
A - anaemia
B - bone lesions
what is the relationship between myeloma and kidney?
renal insufficiency or renal impairment
what is the first line of treatment for myeloma?
steroids
what is the diagnostic criteria for MGUS
serum M-protein
what other conditions other than myeloma can MGUS progress to?
waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
Primary AL amyloidosis
Lymphoproliferative disorder
what is amyloidosis
neoplastic cells secrete amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis - light chain fragments misfold and self-aggregate to form beta-pleated fibrils and deposition on other organs such as kidneys
what is one characteristic for AL amyloidosis
proteinuria - mainly albumin
what is lymphoma?
cancer of the lymph glands
what type of lymphoma is follicular lymphoma?
non-hodgkin lymphoma characterised by slowly enlarging lymph nodes
