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Advanced Restorative > Course Review- L5 > Flashcards

Course Review- L5 Flashcards

1
Q

Hg=

A

mercury

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2
Q

T/F: Mercury is a man made element

A

F- naturally occurring

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3
Q

Organic form of mercury:

A

methyl mercury

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4
Q

Elemental form of mercury:

A

Hg^0

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5
Q

Inorganic Hg salts:

A

Hg^+1 and Hg^+2

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6
Q

What is the most toxic form of mercury?

A

Organic: Methyl mercury

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7
Q

The most toxic form of mercury (methyl mercury- organic) can be found in:

A

fungicides, fish, water

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8
Q

T/F: Methyl mercury is 95% GI absorbed

A

true

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9
Q

Methyl mercury is _____ soluble and is ____ distributed throughout the body tissues

A

lipid; uniformly

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10
Q

Methyl mercury toxicity results in:

A

neurological damage

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11
Q

Most large scale mercury poisonings are due to:

A

organic mercury

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12
Q

Organic mercury =

A

methyl mercury

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13
Q

What form of mercury is a liquid metal?

A

elemental mercury

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14
Q

Describe the distribution of elemental mercury (Liquid Metal):

A

Vaporizes easily, passes through membranes, skin and blood brain barrier

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15
Q

T/F: elemental mercury is readily absorbed orally and throughout the GI tract

A

false- little or no oral or GI absorption

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16
Q

T/F: Lungs will NOT absorb vapor elemental mercury:

A

False- lungs ABSORB vapor of elemental mercury

17
Q

What happens if you inhale elemental mercury vapor? (Liquid Metal)

A

can have toxic CNS effects with breathing lots of vapor

18
Q

When might there be risks for inhalation of elemental mercury (liquid mercury) vapor?

A

In occupational setting or mercury spills in poorly ventilated area

19
Q

What type of mercury is used in dental amalgam?

A

ELEMENTAL mercury

20
Q

What type of mercury are found in compounds used extensively in industry?

A

inorganic mercury salts

21
Q

List some inorganic mercury salts (4):

A
  1. mercuric chloride
  2. bromide
  3. sulfate
  4. nitrate
22
Q

What is the LEAST toxic form of mercury?

A

inorganic mercury salts

23
Q

Describe the GI absorption of inorganic mercury salts:

A

poor absorption

24
Q

Describe the GI absorption of the following forms of mercury:

  1. Methyl mercury (natural)
  2. Elemental mercury (Liquid Metal)
  3. Inorganic mercury salts
A
  1. 95% GI absorption
  2. NO GI absorption
  3. Poor GI absorption
25
Q

What happens with high levels of inorganic mercury salts?

A

mercuric ions concentrate in kidneys, acute toxicity, and renal necrosis

  • note this is still the least toxic form of mercury
26
Q

T/F: Inorganic mercury salts are water soluble and can lead to environmental water pollution

A

True

27
Q

Amalgam resotrations have been used for

A

150 years

28
Q

List some benefits of amalgam restorations:

A
  1. affordable
  2. durable
  3. safe
  4. longevity
29
Q

T/F: Up to 75% of amalgam restorations last for 15+ years

A

false- 80%

30
Q

T/F: With amalgam restorations, Hg does not enter pulp, bone or gingiva

A

true

31
Q

When is there risk for Hg vapor release with amalgam restorations?

A
  1. mixing/insertion
  2. polishing
  3. removal
32
Q

T/F:

Small amounts of Hg vapor are absorbed by the lungs, concentrated in the liver, and excreted through feces. Mercury levels are best measured through feces.

A

Both false; small of amounts of Hg vapor are absorbed by the LUNGS, concentrated in the KIDNEYS, and excreted through URINE. Mercury levels are best measured through URINE

33
Q

List the percentages of overall envrionmental mercury release:

____ fuel combustion
____ waste combustion
____ manufacturers and consumers
_____ from dentistry

A

53% fuel combustion
34% waste combustion
13% manufacturers and consumers
LESS THAN 1% from dentistry

34
Q

To control dental Hg release:

A

amalgam waste must be handled correctly

35
Q

List what comprises the amalgam waste capture devices:

A
  1. chair side trap
  2. vacuum pump filter
  3. amalgam separator
36
Q

What is contact amalgam?

A

amalgam that has contacted the patient

37
Q

What are some forms of contact amalgam?

A
  1. carving scrap
  2. extracted teeth
  3. amalgam in traps, filters, or screens
38
Q

Non-contact amalgam =

A

leftover mix

39
Q
A

Advanced Restorative (8 decks)

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