Cooperation and altruism Flashcards
Define altruism
A trait that causes its behaviour away, increases another individuals of survival and reproducing and decreases their own chances
Define cooperation
 behaving mutually
What is kin selection?
Jeans and spread for reproduction, and helping those that share that treat to survive and have

It’s more likely for the group to share traits will be parents and offspring so parents are more likely to invest in their own offspring.  However, this connection lowers as you move further and further through the family tree.
Therefore, if the family tree is further away, the benefit to the individual must outweigh the cost to them .
E.g. if you sacrifice your life, it should be worth free siblings or nine 1st cousins to make things balanced 
Explain, altruism and alarm calls by Sherman
 Sherman looked at how costly the alarm calls of squirrels were predators were very common.
 Calls are typically repeated, and their acoustic properties means they are easy to locate.

L females, squirrels, dispense, only a short distance from their birthplace, whereas male squirrels the best 10 times as far and move around during healing season as they look.
This means that males really gave calls but females who are surrounded by kin frequently gave alarm calls
Given an example of altruism in humans
Participants were more likely to help if they were a sibling, if the risk was high, cost, medium, cost or low-cost, followed by helping cousins, and finally, were least likely to help acquaintances in all conditions,
Define and give an example of reciprocity
 tit for tat, if you help me, I will help you. For instance, well fed, bats, will donate blood to hungry, bats, rooster near them and familiar to them. They know they were helped in the past
In terms of reciprocity, explain the study of if how do we know if someone is cheating us?
cosmides and tooby Hypothesise that people would spot cheating more easily than cognitive tasks that didn’t involve cheating, and they used the waspn selection logic task.
 People had to turn over cards that they felt were most logical to check if people were cheating.
Checking that people aren’t cheating is something and it is an adaptive function
True, or false, people who cheat are remembered better
True
Explain group beneficial behaviour
 some organisms behaviour away, which can lead to no reciprocity such as honeybees, which die upon a sting to protect its hive and honey.
Where is some groups such as narcissist will benefit by screwing people over who are kind
Where is some prosocial? Individuals will be noted by one another will gain more.
 it depends on the group and the individual
What is multilevel selection theory?
Alternative framework that takes into account interactions and and it can allow for altruism for everyone.
Groups with more altruists, outperform groups with less altruist s . E.g: Palestine
