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OS GI > Constipation > Flashcards

Constipation Flashcards

0
Q

What substance in colon inhibits circular muscle contraction?

A

PGE, slowing down colon

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1
Q

What substance in colon stimulates longitudinal muscle contraction?

A

PGF

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2
Q

What substance in colon mediates intestinal peristalsis and pain perception in GI?

A

Serotonin

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3
Q

Zofran MOA

A

5HT4 agonist ( prokinetic)

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4
Q

What are the criteria for functional constipation?

A 
2+:
Straining
Lumpy
Sensing obstruction
Sensing incomplete evacuation
Manual maneuvers to poo
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5
Q

What are some causes of chronic constipation?

A 
Hirschsprung
Chagas
Autonomic neuropathy
Diabetes
MS
Spine injury
Parkinson's
Hypothyroidism
Pregnancy
Scleroderma
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6
Q

What are some drugs classes that cause constipation?

A 
Analgesics
Anticholinergics
Iron supplements
Al antacids
Opiates
CCBs
CNS Antihypertensives
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7
Q

Who gets functional constipation?

A

Kids w 2 wks of pebble stools

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8
Q

Who gets functional fecal retention?

A

Fear and toilet refusal up to 16 yrs old

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9
Q

Lab workup for constipation

A

CBC
Glucose, Cr, Ca
TSH

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10
Q

Lubiprostone moa

A

Cl- channel activator

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11
Q

What are some stimulant laxatives?

A

Bisacodyl

Senna

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12
Q

What are some fiber supplements

A

Methylcellulose

Polycarbophil

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13
Q

What is prucalopride

A

5Ht4 agonist

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14
Q

What is Hirschsprung disease

A

Congenital obstipation and colonic dilation due to upstream nonrelaxing/nonpropulsive part of bowel

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15
Q

Hirschsprung pathogenesis

A

Absent colon nerve ganglia and heterogeneous defects in genes that regulate neuroblasts and RTK

Rectum always involved

Eventual rupture

16
Q

Gold standard dx for hirschsprung

A

Rectal biopsy to look for missing ganglia

17
Q

Causes of toxic megacolon?

A 
C dif
IBD (ulcerative C. Or Crohn's)
Obstruction
Psychiatric/meds
Chagas: tryps invade bowel and destroy enteric plexus
18
Q

What is Ogilvie’s syndrome?

A

Acute megacolon from psychiatric drugs

19
Q

What causes congenital anorectal malformations?

A

Failure of urorectal septum forming cloaca, or anal membrane not opening, or trisomy 21, or urinary tract malformations

OS GI (9 decks)

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