Conjunctions (接続詞) Flashcards

1
Q

Because, So (informal)

  • I will wake up early tomorrow so I’m heading home.
  • Because I have no money I cannot go on holiday.
A

だから (subordinate conjunction) Reason must come first, から is attached to the reason

  • 明日あしたは早はやく起おきるから、帰かえるよ。
  • お金かねがありませんから、旅行りょこうには行いけません。
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2
Q

So, Because (formal)

  • I didn’t feel good so I took a break from work.
  • The washing machine broke so I went to buy a new one.
A

ので (subordinate conjunction) Reason must come first

  • 体調たいちょうが良よくないので、仕事しごとを休やすみました。
  • 洗濯機せんたくきが壊こわれたので、新あたらしいのを買かいに行いってきた。
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3
Q

For

  • A plan for the future.
  • Search for a part-time job for your graduation holiday.
A

ため・のため (subordinate conjunction)

  • 将来しょうらいのための計画けいかく。
  • 卒業旅行そつぎょうりょこうのために、バイトを探さがす。
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4
Q

In order to

  • I studied like never before in order to get into my first-choice university.
  • In order to open up a bank account you will require a personal seal.
A

ため・のため (subordinate conjunction)

  • 第一志望だいいちしぼうの大学だいがくに入はいるために、一生懸命いっしょうけんめい勉強べんきょうした
  • 銀行口座ぎんこうこうざを開ひらくために、印鑑いんかんが必要ひつようです。
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5
Q

But (More Written; Less Conversation)

  • I want to go on holiday but I can’t take time off.
  • My room is not big, but the rent is expensive.
A

が・だが (Coordinate Conjunction) (More grammatically correct in sentences)

  • 旅行りょこうに行いきたいですが、休やすみが取とれません。
  • 部屋へやは広ひろくないですが、家賃やちんが高たかいです。
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6
Q

But (More Conversation; Less Written)

  • The bullet train is convenient, but it’s expensive.
  • My grades aren’t bad, but I could try a little harder
A

けど・けれども (More appropriate than が for conversation)

  • 新幹線しんかんせんは便利べんりだけど、お金かねがかかる。
  • 成績せいせきが悪わるくないけれど、もう少すこし頑張がんばれる。
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7
Q

Despite (Conversation & Written)

  • Head straight home despite still having work left.
  • Drink despite it being morning.
A

のに (Subordinate Conjunction)
Vするのに・Nなのに

  • 仕事しごとが残のこっているのにすぐに帰かえっちゃう。
  • 午前中ごぜんちゅうなのにお酒さけを飲のむ。
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8
Q

Before

  • Before I go to work I will drink coffee.
  • Before I went to work I drank coffee.
A

前 (Coordinate Conjunction)
【Subsequent Action】前まえに【Prior Action】
*Must use present tense dictionary form

仕事しごとに行いく前まえに、コーヒーを飲のむ。

仕事しごとに行いく前まえに、コーヒーを飲のんだ。

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9
Q

After

  • After I drink tea I will phone my friend.
  • After the examination finished the candidates left the room at the same time.
A
後
Vた後で
【Prior Action】後あと【で or に】【Subsequent Action】
-お茶ちゃを飲のんだ後あとで、友達ともだちに電話でんわします。
-試験が終わった後に、受験者は同時に部屋を出ました。
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10
Q

Have the ability to —/ Is possible to do

  • I can drive a car.
  • Rin can speak Japanese.
A

ができる ・ことができる
名詞+がでる
動詞の辞書形+ことができる 

  • 私は車の運転ができる。
  • りんさんは日本語を話すことができます
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11
Q

I did not do something in the past, but I do it now. (Change in Ability)

-Practice every day and you will be able to swim 50 meters.

A

ようになる (change in ability) 動詞の可能性

-毎日練習して、50メートル泳げるようになる。

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12
Q

I did not do something in the past, but I do it now. (change in custom or practice)

-I didn’t exercise before, but now I exercise once a week.

A

ようになる (change in custom or practice) 動詞の辞書形

-前は運動をしませんでしたが、今は1週間に1回運動をするようになりました。

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13
Q

Telling others your plans/intentions.

-I’m going back to my country after I finish my Japanese language studies.

A

~つもりです (動詞の辞書形・ナイ形)

-私は日本語の勉強が終わった後、国へ帰るつもりです。

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14
Q

Telling others your plans/intentions/what you think.

-After graduation, I’m thinking of getting a job instead of going on to higher education.

A

意志形+思う/Volitional verb

-卒業後は進学しないで就職しょうと思います。

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15
Q

Verb How to

  • Do you know how to read these characters?
  • I’m learning how to use a computer now.
A

~ かた (する方法)(動詞のマス形)

  • この漢字の読みかたをしっていますか。
  • 俺は今、パソコンの使い方を習っています。
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