Congenital Flashcards
During pregnancy a set of tissue potentially susceptible to infection which are (3)
Fetus, placenta, lactating
How does the placenta shield microbes in the genital tract
it acts as a barrier and fetal membrane
The mother not rejecting the fetus is accomplished by
absence or low density of histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens on placental cells
once a fetus is infected it is exquisitely susceptible because
IgM adn IgA antibodies are not produced
When are IgM and Iga start producing during pregnancy
second half of pregnancy
What antibody does the fetus not get as well as inadequate
IgG and inadequate cytokines
After Primary infection, certain microbes can enter via
Blood placenta or fetus
I am a toga and rubivirus
Rubella
I am a restricted host range and only infect humans
Rubella
My core consists of single RNA and protein C
Rubella
My lipid envelope is two viral glycoproteins E1 and E2
Rubella
I have 9 genotypes, and immunity to 1 protect against all
Rubella
I use to be called German measles or 3-day measles?
Rubella
I was considered an independent disease in 1881, isolated in 1962, and vaccine in 1996
Rubella
100,000-200,000 this syndrome occurs annually
Rubella
Postnatal characteristics acute onset generalized maculopapular rash, mild fever, arthritis, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis
acute onset generalized maculopapular rash, mild fever, arthritis, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, conjunctivitis
I am mild and 50% of my postnatal cases are not diagnosed
Rubella
Major concern for Rubella
Nonimmune pregnant women
I am the most potent infectious tertogenic agent identified
Rubella
When is Rubella most susceptible
first 3 months of pregnancy, interferes with development
Rubella clinically (3)
Low BW, fail to thrive, eye adn heart lesions, brain and heart defect may become detectable until later in the form of retarded adn deaf
Rubella can be isolated from infants adn how long does it shed
throat or urine adn sheds for several months
Infected fetus of rubella produces and is detecible where
IgM, cord adn blood
a live virus is given during pregnancy and pregnancy is a condridiction to vaccination
Rubella
my belong to Cytomegalovirus fam
CMV
I am a DS DNA icosahedral capsid amorphous tegument or matrix
CMV
i infect WW all ages and not seasonal nor do i have a pattern of transmission
CMV
Seroprevalence increases with age in all populations
CMV
I am acquired early in life, and i am prevelance in lower SES
CMV
Vertically or Horizontally
CMV
mostly transmitted by direct contact
CMV
i am detecatable in all bodily fluids
CMV
i can shed for weeks to years
CMV
Transplacental infection risk of transmission is lower then primary maternal infection
CMV
Fetal damage is highest b/w 12-16w
CMV
Most common congenital infection
CMV
10-15% of congenitally infected infants develop symptoms during the newborn period. who am i ? and what do these symptoms include
CMV;
retardation, jaundice, myocarditis, pneumonitis, CNS abnormalities, deafness, and chorioretinitis.
symptomatic infants may die from me from complications during first month
CMV
If infant has symptoms and survives it is neurologically damaged who am i
CMV
Some(10%) women shed near or during time of delivery
CMV
50% chance of transmission during delivery. Such infants begin to excrete virus at 3 – 12 weeks of age but usually remain asymptomatic and do not develop neurologic sequelae.
CMV
CMV infections are greatest among what kind of infants
low BW
common to get from milk
CMV
Day care has high risk, adn can experience infection for over 1-2 yrs which is usually asymptomatic, but can transmit to parents/unborn child
CMV
I am latent in endothelial cells and leukocytes
CMV
CMV diagnosis
Diagnosis IgM infant blood within 3w of delivery adn in DNA in blood or urine, throat swab
I am now rare and in resource-poor countries
Syphilis
Clinically rhinitis skin/musical lesions/, abnormalities in bone teeth and cartilage ( saddle-shaped nose)
Syphilis
Pregnancy masks early signs, mother will have serological evidence of treponemal infection
Syphilis
how to diagnosis syphilis
Treponemal IgM detected in fetal blood
i am transmitted only vertical and only infectious after 4month of pregnancy AKA treatment before 4m should prevent transmission
Syphili
I am a red-copper maculopapular lesion
Syphilis
Clinical: Convlusion, micerocephaly, chorioretinitis, hepasplen, jauindice, later hydroc. retarded, defective vision
Toxoplasmosis
No detectable abnormalities at birth but may appear after a few yrs
Toxoplasmosis
contracting me during embryo is rare, adn more serious
T.Gondii
Infection and Damage (abortion) increase in 3rd semester
Toxoplasmosis
Damage is more severe the earlier, what is opposite of this
Toxoplasmosis;
T.Gondii
Infection during 3rd trimester results asymptomatic, if not treated develop retinochoroiditis and neurologic deficits in childhood
T.Gondii
IgM in cord or Blood
Toxoplasmosis
no vaccine
Toxoplasmosis
Listeria Monocytogenes
How to avoid getting Toxoplasmis
Avoid ingesting cysts from cats or lightly cooked meat
Serological prevalence indicates most common infections of humans WW
Toxoplasmosis
In Canada no specific info available
Toxoplasmosis
Common in warm lower altitude favoring sporulation of oocyst
Toxoplasmosis
how to aquire Toxoplasmosis (9)
Meat- T.Gondii
Soils, food, water, feces, organ transplant, blood fusion, transplacentral transmission, inoculation of tachyzoites
Major routes are congenital or oral
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis life cycles
ingestion of cysts- epitheliam, dissmentiate- multiply host cells release tachzoites and invade
Tachyzoites are pressure by host immune to transform into bradyzoites and
form tissue cyst- in skeletal myocardium and brain, cyst may remain thought life.