Concussion

Question 1

What is a concussion?

Answer 1

Head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning

Question 2

What is the presentation of a concussion?

Answer 2

Post traumatic amnesia= hallmark
Headache
Dizziness, lack of coordination and balance
N&V
Confusion, disorientation
Visual- photophobia, blurred vision

Question 3

How is concussion diagnosed?

Answer 3

Clinically

Red flags= CT

Question 4

How are concussions managed?

Answer 4

Full physical and cognitive rest

Graded return to activity

Question 5

What are some complications of concussion?

Answer 5

Post concussion syndrome
Second impact syndrome
Chronic traumatic encepahlopathy

Question 6

What is post concussion syndrome?

Answer 6

Symptoms have delay in resolving and may become permanent

Question 7

What is second impact syndrome?

Answer 7

RApid brain swelling caused by 2nd head injury becore 1st has healed

Question 8

WHo is second impact syndrome most often seen in?

Answer 8

Children and adolescents

Question 9

What does second impact syndrome cause?

Answer 9

Swelling –> increased ICP –> herniation

High morbidity and mortality`

Question 10

What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

Answer 10

Cognitive and physical handicaps due to multiple concussions and head injuries

Question 11

What are the late features of chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

Answer 11

Dementia
PArkinson’s
Paranoia
To name a few