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NP Exam 2 > Concept 17: Elimination > Flashcards

Concept 17: Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

Elimination

A

excretion of waste from the body

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2
Q

Bowel elimination

A

passage and dispelling of stool through the intestinal tract by means of intestinal smooth muscle contraction

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3
Q

Urinary elimination

A

passage of urine out of the urinary tract through the urinary sphincter and urethra

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4
Q

Defecation

A

bowel

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5
Q

Micturition

A

urine

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6
Q

Continence

A

purposeful control of urinary/bowel elimination

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7
Q

polyuria

A

multiple episodes of urination

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8
Q

urinary frequency

A

multiple episodes of urination w/ little urine in a short amount of time

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9
Q

urinary hesitancy

A

the urge is there, but the person has a problem starting the stream

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10
Q

oliguria

A

low output of urine

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11
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine

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12
Q

dysuria

A

pain on urination

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13
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary urination (children at night)

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14
Q

Urinary Retention

A

Leads to increased urine volume and bladder distention
Backflow to the upper urinary tract
Dilation of the ureters and renal pelvis
Pyelonephritis and renal atrophy

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15
Q

Bowel Retention

A

Causes: Ignoring the “urge to go” or decreased peristalsis

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16
Q

consequence of bowel retention

A

Stool dries and hardens
Constipation
Impaction

17
Q

Populations at greatest risk for problems with bowel and urinary elimination are

A

Children
Pregnant women
Older adults

18
Q

primary prevention

A 
Hydration
Adequate dietary fiber
Regular toileting practices 
Regular exercise 
Avoidance of environmental contamination
Preventing UTI / CAUTI
19
Q

screening

A

Colonoscopy screening
Occult blood screening
Prostate cancer screening

20
Q

Pharmacotherapy:

Bowel Elimination

A 
Laxatives
Stool softeners
Antibiotics
Antispasmodics
Analgesics
21
Q

Enema

A

Solution administered into the rectum and colon to increase peristalsis and excretion of feces and flatus. To administer- position patient on left lateral side

22
Q

Pharmacotherapy:

Urinary Elimination

A

Antibiotics
Antispasmodics
Analgesics

23
Q

Ureterostomy

A

one or two ureters are brought out through the abdomen

24
Q

Nephrostomy

A

catheter from kidneys to an opening through the skin

25
Q

Suprapubic catheter

A

inserted surgically into the bladder through the abdominal wall

26
Q

urine amount

A

30 ml/hr minimum

NP Exam 2 (3 decks)

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