Collective behaviour

Question 1

deindividuation

Answer 1

there is the loss of a sense of personal identity occurring in crowds and mobs

Question 2

le bon(1895)

Answer 2

the anonymity of individuals in a crowd plays am important part in removing normal social constraints, and producing violence.

Question 3

when does deindividuation occur

Answer 3

occur in conditions of high arousal, anonymity, diffused responsibility

Question 4

diener (1989)

Answer 4

produced through decreased self-awareness and leads to poor monitoring of one’s own behaviour, reduced concern to have social approval, reduced constraints against behaving impulsively, reduced capacity to think rationally

Question 5

zimbardo(1970)

Answer 5

milgram type study - deindividuation occurred when half of the participants wore coats and hoods covering their faces and the intensity of the shocks given was twice more than individuals who wore their own clothes

Question 6

johnson and downing (1979)

Answer 6

deindividuated imdividuals dressed as nurses gave fewer shocks; deindividuation has desirable and undesirabe effects; good groups lead to good intentions while bad groups lead to bad intentions

Question 7

turner and killian (1972)

Answer 7

emergent norm theory - two factors need to be present to behave aggressively - the crowd should develop a group norm favoring the use of aggression; individuals should be identifiable(within a group) because this will increase the social pressures on them not to deviate from the group norm

Question 8

reicher et al model(social identity model of deindividuation effects)

Answer 8

when the individuals in a group become deindividuated their behaviour is strongly influenced by the prevailing group norms

Question 9

postmes and spears(1998)

Answer 9

three main assumptions of the social identity model of deindividuation effects; leads not to a loss of self but only a decreased focus on personal identity; increases responsiveness to situational group norms - produce unusually controlled and restrained or aggressive behaviour; neutral with respect to general social norms - deindividuation does not necessarily destroy basic social norms set by culture

Question 10

crowd behaviour

Answer 10

behaviour that is conducted by individuals who gather in a crowd