Coffin, Donahue, North

Question 1

Groups

Answer 1

Nominal group, verbal group, adverbial group, prepositional phrase

Question 2

Word class

Answer 2

Noun, verb, adjective, adverb, conjunction, preposition, determiner (article, including possessive pronouns), pronoun

Question 3

Dependent clause

Answer 3

Begins with subordinating conjunction (eg. If) so cannot stand on its own.

Question 4

Subordinating conjunction

Answer 4

Begins dependent clause, eg. If.

Question 5

Coordinating conjunction

Answer 5

Does not make following clause dependent on preceding clause, eg. And, but.

Question 6

Adjunct (clause element)

Answer 6

Can be adverbial group or prepositional phrase

Question 7

Independent clause

Answer 7

Must have a finite verb (can be marked for tense; in verbal groups is always first verb therefore not the lexical verb)

Question 8

Declarative clause structure

Answer 8

Subject followed by verb. Communicative function is giving information. As opposed to interrogative or imperative clause structures.

Question 9

Polar interrogatives

Answer 9

Yes/no questions; no wh- word.

Question 10

Wordings

Answer 10

Ways of using language to perform communicative function

Question 11

SFL

Answer 11

“A theory of language that seeks to represent the complex language systems that connect form and function” (Coffin, Donahue and North, 2009).

Question 12

Clause element

Answer 12

Subject, verb, object, complement, adjunct

Question 13

Graphology and phonology

Answer 13

Composing the sounds or written marks needed to express wordings

Question 14

Material process

Answer 14

This expresses a doing and a doer- the essential concept behind transivity in western linguistics - an action verb.

Question 15

Relational process

Answer 15

In contrast to material process, the subject is not a doer but simply is (described as something). So there’s less agency for the subject of verbs of relational process.