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CNC Terms 101 > CNC Lathe Terms > Flashcards

CNC Lathe Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Spindle

A

The rotating axis of the lathe that holds and drives the workpiece.

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2
Q

Chuck

A

A clamping device that holds the workpiece on the spindle.

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3
Q

Tailstock

A

A movable support for long workpieces or for drilling operations.

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4
Q

Tool Turret

A

A rotating holder for multiple cutting tools.

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5
Q

Live Tooling

A

Rotary tools mounted on the turret for secondary operations like milling or drilling.

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6
Q

Guide Bush

A

A component in Swiss-style lathes for supporting the workpiece close to the cutting tool.

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7
Q

Collet

A

A clamping device for holding small-diameter parts.

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8
Q

Carriage

A

The platform that slides along the lathe bed and holds the tool post.

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9
Q

Cross Slide

A

A component moving perpendicular to the spindle for fine adjustments.

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10
Q

Bar Feeder

A

An automated device that feeds bar stock into the spindle.

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11
Q

Steady Rest

A

A support for minimizing deflection in long workpieces.

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12
Q

Lead Screw

A

A precision screw for moving the carriage during threading.

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13
Q

Compound Rest

A

An adjustable platform for angled cuts.

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14
Q

Back Gear

A

A system for reducing spindle speed and increasing torque.

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15
Q

Thread Dial

A

A tool for synchronizing the lead screw during threading.

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16
Q

Chip Pan

A

A tray below the machine to collect chips.

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17
Q

Spindle Bore

A

The hollow center of the spindle for feeding long workpieces.

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18
Q

Lathe Bed

A

The rigid base supporting all components.

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19
Q

Quick Change Tool Post

A

A system for rapid tool swapping.

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20
Q

Indexable Insert

A

Replaceable cutting tips mounted on tool holders.

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21
Q

OD Turning

A

Removing material from the outer diameter of a workpiece.

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22
Q

ID Boring

A

Removing material from the inner diameter of a workpiece.

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23
Q

Face Grooving

A

Cutting circular grooves on the face of a workpiece.

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24
Q

Chip Breaker

A

A groove on cutting inserts for controlling chip size.

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25
Q

Rigid Tapping

A

Threading with precise spindle-feed synchronization.

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26
Q

Vibration Isolation

A

Techniques to minimize vibrations during machining.

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27
Q

Thread Pitch

A

The distance between adjacent threads in a screw.

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28
Q

Cutting Depth

A

The amount of material removed per pass.

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29
Q

Surface Speed

A

The speed of the workpiece surface relative to the cutting tool.

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30
Q

RPM (Revolutions Per Minute)

A

The spindle’s rotational speed.

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31
Q

Feed Rate

A

The linear speed of the tool or workpiece during cutting.

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32
Q

Turning Center

A

A CNC lathe with advanced functions like live tooling.

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33
Q

Workpiece Stop

A

A device to set consistent workpiece positioning.

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34
Q

Cutoff Operation

A

Separating a completed part from the stock.

35
Q

Lathe Dog

A

A clamp for transmitting motion to the workpiece.

36
Q

Thread Form

A

The shape of the thread’s cross-section.

37
Q

Bar Puller

A

A device to pull bar stock forward after parting.

38
Q

Axis Interpolation

A

Coordinating axis movements for complex geometries.

39
Q

Tailstock Quill

A

The movable part of the tailstock holding the live or dead center.

40
Q

Live Center

A

A rotating center to reduce friction at the workpiece’s end.

41
Q

Dead Center

A

A stationary center for holding a workpiece.

42
Q

Tool Wear Compensation

A

Adjustments to account for tool wear.

43
Q

Runout

A

The deviation of the workpiece from its ideal axis of rotation.

44
Q

Collet Closer

A

A mechanism for opening and closing collets.

45
Q

Hydraulic Chuck

A

A chuck operated with hydraulic pressure for consistent clamping force.

46
Q

Lathe Saddle

A

The base component that supports the cross slide and tool post.

47
Q

Thread Dial

A

A device for engaging the lead screw at the correct time for threading.

48
Q

Cutting Edge Radius

A

The radius of the cutting edge on a lathe tool.

49
Q

Boring Head

A

A device used for precision internal machining.

50
Q

CNC Control Unit

A

The system that processes and executes programming commands.

51
Q

Chip Management System

A

A mechanism for efficient removal of chips during machining.

52
Q

Vibration Dampening System

A

A system to minimize vibrations during cutting.

53
Q

Automatic Tool Setter

A

A system to measure and adjust tool offsets automatically.

54
Q

Multi-Spindle Lathe

A

A lathe with multiple spindles to enhance productivity.

55
Q

Work Offset (G54-G59)

A

Coordinates defining the workpiece position relative to the spindle.

56
Q

Circular Interpolation

A

A coordinated movement along a circular path.

57
Q

Dry Machining

A

Cutting operations performed without coolant.

58
Q

Hard Turning

A

A turning process for machining hardened materials.

59
Q

Main Spindle

A

The primary rotating axis used for machining.

60
Q

Sub-Spindle

A

A secondary spindle for additional operations or part transfer.

61
Q

Machine Enclosure

A

The casing that surrounds the machine to contain debris and coolant.

62
Q

Coolant System

A

The system used to deliver coolant to the cutting area.

63
Q

Chuck Jaws

A

The clamping surfaces of the chuck that grip the workpiece.

64
Q

Cam Lock Spindle

A

A spindle mounting system that allows quick tool changes.

65
Q

Compound Slide

A

A slide that allows angled movement for tapered cuts.

66
Q

Turning Radius

A

The distance from the tool to the axis of rotation.

67
Q

Digital Tool Presetter

A

A device to measure tool geometry offline.

68
Q

Lathe Axis Designation

A

The naming convention for axes (e.g., X, Z, C) in a lathe.

69
Q

Machine Zero

A

The machine’s reference starting point.

70
Q

Program Zero

A

The programmed reference point for machining operations.

71
Q

Facing Operation

A

A cut across the end of a workpiece to create a flat surface.

72
Q

Machining Allowance

A

Extra material left for finishing operations.

73
Q

Spring Pass

A

A light cut made to remove deflection and achieve precision.

74
Q

Lathe Toolholder

A

The device that holds the cutting insert.

75
Q

Tool Nose Radius Compensation

A

Adjusting the toolpath to account for the tool tip radius.

76
Q

Work Hardening

A

Hardening of material due to plastic deformation during cutting.

77
Q

Lead Angle

A

The angle of the cutting edge relative to the workpiece axis.

78
Q

Coolant Pressure

A

The pressure at which coolant is delivered to the cutting zone.

79
Q

Lathe Bed Length

A

The maximum length of workpiece the lathe can accommodate.

80
Q

Lathe Tool Cradle

A

The support for tool holders on a turret.

81
Q

Part Catcher

A

A device for automatically catching parted-off workpieces.

82
Q

Quick Change Chuck

A

A chuck system for fast tool and workpiece changes.

83
Q

Lathe Chuck Backplate

A

The interface between the chuck and spindle.

CNC Terms 101 (5 decks)

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