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First Aid Rapid Review > classic treatments > Flashcards

classic treatments Flashcards

1
Q

absence seizures

A

ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

all-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram for patient; Al-Anon for family

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6
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

BZDs

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7
Q

anorexia

A

SSRIs

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8
Q

anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

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9
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainamide)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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11
Q

BPH

A

tamsulosin, finasteride

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)

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13
Q

breast cancer in postmenopausal women

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrazole)

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14
Q

Buerger’s DZ

A

smoking cessation

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15
Q

bulimia

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

candida albicans

A

amphotericin B (systemic); nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

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17
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

octreotide

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18
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection); erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis for infants)

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19
Q

chronic gout

A

probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)

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20
Q

chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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21
Q

CML

A

imatinib

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22
Q

clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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23
Q

c. difficile

A

oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

c. tetani

A

antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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25
Q

Crohn’s DZ

A

corticosteroids, infliximab

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26
Q

cryptococcus neoformans

A

fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS pts)

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27
Q

cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

MESNA

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28
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

N-acetylcysteine + anti-pseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

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29
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir

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30
Q

depression

A

SSRIs (first-line)

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31
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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32
Q

DM1

A

dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement

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33
Q

DM2

A

dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (possible)

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34
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

fluids, insulin, K+

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35
Q

enterococci

A

vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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36
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil, vardenafil

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37
Q

ER-positive breast cancer

A

tamoxifen

38
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

39
Q

haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

rifampin (prophylaxis)

40
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

buspirone

41
Q

heparin toxicity (acute)

A

protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

43
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

44
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statin (first-line)

45
Q

hypertriglyceridemia

A

fibrate

46
Q

immediate anticoagulation

A

heparin

47
Q

infertility

A

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsaitle)

48
Q

influenza

A

rimantadine, oseltamivir

49
Q

legionella pneumophila

A

erythromycin

50
Q

long-term anti-coagulation

A

warfarin

51
Q

malaria

A

chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

52
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

53
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

54
Q

migraine

A

sumatriptan

55
Q

MRSA

A

vancomycin

56
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

B-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab

57
Q

mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE: rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol

58
Q

neisseria meningitidis

A

ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent chlamydia)

59
Q

neural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

60
Q

osteomalacia/rickets

A

vitamin D supplementation

61
Q

osteoporosis

A

bisphosphanates; calcium & vitamin D supplementation

62
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin

63
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)

64
Q

pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS pt)

65
Q

prolactinemia

A

bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

66
Q

prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

67
Q

prostate carcinoma

A

flutamide

68
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

69
Q

pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

70
Q

rickettsia ricketsii

A

doxycycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)

71
Q

ringworm infections

A

terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

72
Q

schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

5-HT(2A) antagonists (e.g., second-generation antipsychotics)

73
Q

schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonists (e.g., first- and second-generation antypsychotics)

74
Q

SIADH

A

demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists

75
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hydroxyurea (^ fetal hemoglobin)

76
Q

sporothrix schenkii

A

oral potassium chloride (KCl)

77
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

78
Q

s. aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin

79
Q

s. bovis

A

penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

s. pneumoniae

A

penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

81
Q

s. pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxis

82
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high-dose steroids

83
Q

tonic-clonic seizures

A

phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

84
Q

toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadizine + pyrimethamine

85
Q

treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

86
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole (patient & partner)

87
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA, infliximab

88
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

89
Q

warfarin toxicity

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

90
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

First Aid Rapid Review (3 decks)

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