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First Aid 2014 > Classic/Relevant Treatments > Flashcards

Classic/Relevant Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

absence seizures

A

ethosuxamide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

alcohol use disorder

A

AA + disulfiram, naltrexone, or acamprosate for patient. AA for patient’s family

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6
Q

alcohol withdrawal

A

benzodiazepines

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7
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy

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8
Q

anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

heparin

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9
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic

lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vitamine B12 supplementation

work up cause w/ Schilling test

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11
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

tamsulosin, finasteride

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12
Q

bipolar disorder

A

lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine

mood stabilizers

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13
Q

breast cancer in post menopausal women

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger disease

A

smoking cessation

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15
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans

A

systemic: amphotericin B
oral thrush: nystatin
vaginitis: azoles

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17
Q

carcinoid syndrome

A

octreotide

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18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coninfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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19
Q

chronic gout

A

probenecid (underexcretor),
allopurinol (overproducer),
febuxostat

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20
Q

chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-a

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21
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

imatinib

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22
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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23
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

oral metronidazole;

if refractory, oral vancomycin

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24
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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25
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir

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26
Q

Crohn disease

A

corticosteroid, infliximab, methotrexate, azathioprine

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27
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

fluconazole

prophylaxis in AIDS patients

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28
Q

cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

mesna

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29
Q

depression

A

SSRIs (1st line)

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30
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

central: DDAVP
nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride

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31
Q

diabetes mellitus type 1

A

dietary intervention (low sugar) + insulin replacement

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32
Q

diabetes mellitus type 2

A

dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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33
Q

diabetic ketoacidosis

A

fluids, insulin, K+

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34
Q

enterococci

A

vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

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35
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil, vardenafil

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36
Q

ER+ breast cancer

A

tamoxifen

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37
Q

ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

fomepizole

alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor

38
Q

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

rifampin (prophylaxis)

39
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

buspirone

40
Q

granulomatous w/ polyangiitis (Wegener)

A

cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

41
Q

heparin toxicity (acute)

A

protamine sulfate

42
Q

HER2/neu+ breast cancer

A

trastuzumab

43
Q

hyperaldosteronism

A

spironolactone

44
Q

hypercholesterolemia

A

statin (1st line)

45
Q

immediate anticoagulation

A

heparin

46
Q

infertility

A

leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile),

clomiphene

47
Q

influenza

A

rimantadine, oseltamivir

48
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

erythromycin

49
Q

long-term anticoagulation

A

warfarin

50
Q

malaria

A

chloroquine/mefloquine (blood schizonts),

primaquine (liver hypnozoites)

51
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene

52
Q

medical abortion

A

mifepristone

53
Q

migraine

A

sumatriptan

54
Q

MRSA

A

vancomycin

55
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

IFN-beta, immunosuppression, natalizumab

56
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

57
Q

Neisseria gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone (+ doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)

58
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

penicillin/ceftriaxone,

rifampin (prophylaxis)

59
Q

neural tube defect prevention

A

prenatal folic acid

60
Q

osteomalacia/rickets

A

vitamin D supplementation

61
Q

osteoporosis

A

bisphosphonates;

calcium & vitamin D supplementation

62
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

indomethacin

63
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

alpha-antagonists

e.g. phenoxybenzamine

64
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX

prophylaxis in AIDS pts

65
Q

prolactinoma

A

bromocriptine

dopamine agonists

66
Q

prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

A

leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

67
Q

prostate carcinoma

A

flutamide

68
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

antipseudomonal penicillin (ticarcillin/piperacillin) + aminoglycoside

69
Q

pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol (PGI2)

70
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

doxycycline,

chloramphemnicol (a/w aplastic anemia)

71
Q

ringworm infections

A

terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

72
Q

schizophrenia (negative sx’s)

A

5-HT2A antagonist

2nd generation antipsychotics

73
Q

schizophrenia (postive sx’s)

A

D2 receptor antagonists

1st & 2nd generation antipsychotics

74
Q

SIADH

A

demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists (conivaptan/tolvaptan)

75
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

hydroxyurea

increase HbF

76
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

oral potassium iodide

or itraconazole

77
Q

stable angina

A

sublingual nitroglycerin

78
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins)
MRSA: vancomycin

79
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

penicillin prophylaxis;

evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

80
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic inf, pneumonia)

vancomycin (meningitis)

81
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

penicillin prophylaxis

82
Q

temporal arteritis

A

high-dose steroids

83
Q

tonic-clonic seizures

A

phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

84
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

similar action at TMP/SMX

85
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

penicillin

86
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

metronidazole (patient & partner)

87
Q

trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

carbamazepine

88
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA (sulfasalazine), infliximab, colectomy

89
Q

UTI prophylaxis

A

TMP-SMX

90
Q

warfarin toxicity

A 
FFP (acute)
vitamin K (chronic)

First Aid 2014 (7 decks)

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