Class 8

Question 1

Union

Answer 1

○ Center and States have specific power and Center in more powerful
○ State donʼt have right of separation
○ Attempts to secede – Illegal
○ Related to Unitary Form of Government
○ Ex:UK

Question 2

Federation

Answer 2

○ Center and States have their own powers
○ Center and States have almost equal status
○ Related to Federalism
○ States donʼt have a right to secede
○ Ex: USA, India

Question 3

Confederation

Answer 3

○ States have greater power than Center
○ Central Governments are weaker
○ States can secede and have the right of separation
○ Ex: USSR, European Union

Question 4

State

Answer 4

○ Independent government having control over a specified territory
○ Clearly defined borders
○ Internationally recognized by other countries

Question 5

Concept of State

Answer 5

○ Linked to territory
○ The sovereign government will defend its borders

Question 6

A state

Answer 6

○ Has bureaucracy and a legal system
○ Control defence, money printing, law making in a specified boundary.

Question 7

What is a Nation?

Answer 7

○ Group of people having a shared history and culture
○ Socially constructed units
○ The nature of a nation can change due to circumstances
○ Kind of “imagined communities”
○ Bound together by a sense of feeling: religion, language, race, ethnicity, colour, culture,
etc.

Question 8

Nation has no specific political boundaries

Answer 8

○ No well defined borders
○ Feeling of connectedness – spread of multiple “States”

Question 9

Nation

Answer 9

No specific authority, no specific government

Question 10

Nation-State

Answer 10

○ An idea where Nation and State exist together
○ Homogenous nation with a single sovereign government
○ 1 state has only 1 nation

Question 11

Which one of the following best defines the term ʻStateʼ?
(a) A community of persons permanently occupying a definite territory independent of external
control and possessing an organized government.
(b) A politically organized people of a definite territory and possessing an authority to govern them,
maintain law and order, protect their natural rights and safeguard their means of sustenance.
(c) A number of persons who have been living in a definite territory for a very long time with their
own culture, tradition and government
(d) A society permanently living in a definite territory with a central authority, an executive
responsible to the central authority and an independent judiciary.

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Coming Together Federation

Answer 12

○ State / sovereign entities come together
○ To create a nation and a central authority
○ States retain considerable power
○ All the states are equal
○ Transfer the remaining power to the Central Authority (common matters of interests)
● Ex: USA

Question 13

Holding Together Federation

Answer 13

○ Central Authority holds considerable power
○ Transfers some power to the states

Question 14

It is not voluntary

Answer 14

association of states

Question 15

States created

Answer 15

To manage diversity and heterogeneity

Question 16

States are mostly treated equally

Answer 16

○ Given power uniformly
● Ex: India

Question 17

UNION AND ITS TERRITORY
● Part1

Answer 17

Article 1 – Article 4

Question 18

Article 1

Answer 18

○ India, that is Bharat, shall be a Union of States
○ Name of the country
○ Type of Indian Polity

Question 19

Union of States

Answer 19

It does not mean India is Unitary in structure

Question 20

Why we used “Union of States” ?

Answer 20

○ Dr. B.R. Ambedkar gave 2 reasons for it
○ We are not Coming Together Federation – We have held on to the States
○ No State has Right to Secede – India is indestructible – Divided into states only for
administration

Question 21

Consider the following events:
1) Fourth general elections in India
2) Formation of Haryana State
3) Mysore named as Karnataka State
4) Meghalaya and Tripura become full States
Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the above?
(a) 2143
(b) 4321
(c) 2341
(d) 4123

Answer 21

Answer: A
The correct chronological order is formation of Haryana State (1966) – Fourth General Elections in India (1967) – Meghalaya and Tripura become full states (1972) – Mysore named as Karnataka state (1973)

Question 22

Which one of the following statements is incorrect ?
(a) Goa attained full statehood in 1987
(b) Diu is an island in the Gulf of Khambhat
(c) Daman and Diu were separated from Goa by the 56th Amendment of the Constitution of India
(d) Dadra and Nagar Haveli were under French colonial rule till 1954

Answer 22

Answer: D
Dadra and Nagar Haveli were under the colonial rule of the Portuguese until its liberation in 1954.