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info systems > class 5 > Flashcards

class 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what is management ?

A

the process of directing tasks and directing resources to achieve organizational goals

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2
Q

what are the 5 management functions?

A

planning
organizing
directing
motivating
controlling

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3
Q

what are the 3 kinds of planning done at different levels?

A

tactical objectives
strategic objectives
longterm mission and vision

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4
Q

what are the 3 main levels of decision making in an organization?

A

operational
tactical
executive

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5
Q

what are 3 changes at each level of decision making?

A

process information differently
diffrent types of decisions are made
diffrent information needs

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6
Q

4 levels in the organizational pyramid?

A

senior (executive) managers
middle managers
operational managers
floor workers

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7
Q

what do senior management do?

A

make long-term decisions about products/ services to produce

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8
Q

what do middle managers do?

A

carry out programs and plans of senior managers, budgeting, monthly scheduling, personnel plans

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9
Q

what do operational managers do?

A

monitor firms daily activities, daily scheduling, inventory handling

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10
Q

what decisions do senior management make?

A

strategic decisions

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11
Q

what are strategic decisions?

A

decision that consider the entire organization and represent major changes for it

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12
Q

what is the goal of strategic decisions?

A

the implement policy that aims to move to organization towards its long-term goals

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13
Q

what decisions do middle managers make?

A

tactical decisions

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14
Q

what are tactical decisions?

A

implementation of strategic decisions, the risk level of these decisions is still low but larger than operational decisions, they are directed towards developing divisional plan, structuring work flows and acquisition of resources

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15
Q

what decision do operational managers make?

A

operational decisions

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16
Q

what are operational decisions?

A

decisions that occur on a daily basis, often these decisions are repetitive in nature and implemented quickly and tend to carry little risk

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17
Q

what are the 3 information systems designed to support each unique level of an organization?

A

operational/ transaction processing systems (TPS)
tactical/ management information systems (MIS)
strategic/ executive information system (EIS)

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18
Q

what is a transaction processing system (TPS)?

A

a system that captures and processes detailed data to update the organizations records

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19
Q

what are some examples of transactions a transaction processing system would capture and process?

A

order entry
inventory control
payroll
accounts payable
accounts receivable
general ledger

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20
Q

what are some things that transaction processing systems provide valuable information to?

A

management information systems
decision support systems
knowledge management systems

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21
Q

what are is a transaction?

A

an economic event that initiates the accounting process of recording it in a companies accounting system

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22
Q

what is a financial transaction?

A

an agreement, communication, between a buyers and a a seller to exchange goods, serviced and payment

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23
Q

what is a computer transaction?

A

a sequence of information exchange and related work (such as database updating)

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24
Q

what is accounting transactions?

A

an event that effects a change in the asset, liability to net worth account, transactions are recorded first in journal and them posted to a ledger

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25
Q

what are 5 examples of transactions?

A

customer orders
receipts
invoices
payments
shipping

26
Q

what are 4 examples of transaction processing activities?

A

data collection
data editing
data manipulation
data storage

27
Q

where do most transactions take place?

A

in a retail business setting

28
Q

what are the 3 steps in the transaction processing system?

A

input
process
output

29
Q

what is one example of the 3 steps in the transaction processing system?

A

input: the package is scanned in to the system
process: the location of the package is updated
output: the final shipping log/ path is produced

30
Q

what are source documents?

A

these contain the event or transaction information to be processed my the system

31
Q

what are the 3 data entry methods for a transaction processing system?

A

manual
semiautomated
fully automated

32
Q

what is manual data entry?

A

a person entering a source document by hand

33
Q

what is semiautomated data entry?

A

using a capture device to enter the source document (eg. barcode scanner)

34
Q

what is fully automated data entry?

A

no human interaction, one computer talks or feeds another computer (eg. automatic orders from inventory system)

35
Q

what are the 2 processing methods for a transaction processing system?

A

online
batch

36
Q

what is online transaction processing system?

A

processing individually in real time as they come in (stock market, online store product inventory)

37
Q

what is batch transaction processing system?

A

inputs that are accumulated over time and grouped and processed at a later time as a single unit (shipping out a batch of packages when there are a certain amount)

38
Q

what is an essential characteristic of batch processing?

A

there is a delay between an event and the eventual processing of the related transaction to update the organizations records

39
Q

what are 3 examples online transaction processing system?

A

airline tickets
sport game tickets
stock investment firms

40
Q

what type of transaction processing system is important to businesses?

A

online transaction processing system is essential for businesses that require access to current data

41
Q

what value does an online transaction processing system add to a businesses activities?

A

faster and more efficient

42
Q

what are the 3 kinds of systems in the transaction processing system?

A

order processing system
accounting systems
purchasing system

43
Q

what is an order processing system in the transaction processing system?

A

a processing flow that begins with a receipt of customer order, then finished product inventory is checked to see if sufficient inventory is on hand to full the order, product is picked and inventory is adjusted then a customer invoice is created and added to customer shipment

44
Q

what is an accounting system in the transaction processing system?

A

must track the flow of data related to all cash flows that affect the organization

45
Q

what is a purchasing system in the transaction processing system?

A

systems that support the purchasing business function like inventory control, purchase order processing, receiving and accounts payable

46
Q

what are the 6 steps transaction processing cycle?

A

1) data collection
2) data editing
3) data correction
4) data manipulation
5) data storage
6)document production

47
Q

what is data collection?

A

capturing and gathering all data necessary to complete the processing of transaction

48
Q

what are the 2 types of data collection?

A

manual
automated

49
Q

what is data editing?

A

checking data for validity and completeness to detect any problems

50
Q

what are 3 examples of data editing?

A

quantity and cost data must be numeric

names must be alphabetic

codes associated with an individual transaction are edited against a data base containing valid codes

51
Q

what is data correction?

A

reentering data that was not typed or scanned properly

52
Q

what is data processing?

A

performing calculations and other data transformations related to business transactions

53
Q

what are 5 examples of data processing?

A

classifying data
sorting data into calculations
performing calculations
summarizing results
storing data in the organizations data base

54
Q

what is data storage?

A

involves updating one or more databases with new transactions

55
Q

after data is updated and stored, what else can be done to it?

A

this data can be further processed and manipulated by other systems so that it is available for management reporting and decision making

56
Q

what is document production?

A

generating output records, documents and reports

57
Q

can results from one TPS be input in to another system?

A

yes

58
Q

what are 3 useful management information produced by TPSs?

A

printed or on-screen reports that help managers and employees perform various activities

reports showing current inventory

reports required by local, state and federal agencies

59
Q

what is an example of TPS payroll system?

A

input: time cards, employee lists, wages and salary data

process: calculating pay, calculating cost of benefits, calculating cost of taxes and withholdings, updating ledger and databases

output: paycheques and receipts, account balances, management reports

60
Q

who is in the organizational level of management?

A

foremen or supervisor

61
Q

what does the organizational level management do?

A

automate routine and repetitive activities and events

62
Q

why does a company need organizational level management?

A

to improve organizational efficiency

info systems (18 decks)

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