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info systems > class 18 > Flashcards

class 18 Flashcards

1
Q

what are 4 reasons why we learn about telecommunications?

A

need to access that data that may be located in different places

need to communicate, shares information, upload/ download data and software

very important for supply chain management

different areas of the organization communicate with people internal and external to the organization

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2
Q

what are computer networks?

A

consists of communications media, devices and software needed to connect two or more computer systems or devices and can transmit and receive information to improve organizational effectiveness

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3
Q

what is telecommunications?

A

the electronic transmission of signals for communications, by such means as telephone, radio and television

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4
Q

what is telecommunications medium?

A

any material substance that carries an electronic signal to support communications between a sending and receiving device

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5
Q

what is channel bandwidth?

A

the rate wt which dat his exchanged

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6
Q

how Is channel bandwidth measured?

A

bit/ second

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7
Q

what changes as bandwidth gets broader?

A

the broader it gets, the more information can be exchanged at one time

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8
Q

what is broadband communications?

A

a relative term for a telecommunications system that can transmit data very quickly

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9
Q

what are the 2 broad categories of communications media?

A

wired (guided) transmission media
wireless tramsmission media

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10
Q

what is wired (guided) transmission media?

A

signals are guided along a solid medium

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11
Q

what is an example of wired (guided) transmission media?

A

the xbox connected to the TV through an HDMI cable

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12
Q

what is an example of wireless transmission media?

A

my phone using a chrome cast to wirelessly connect to the TV

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13
Q

what are the 3 types wired (guided) transmission media?

A

twisted-pair wire
coaxial cable
fibre-optic cable

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14
Q

what is a twisted-pair wire?

A

twisted pairs of copper wire, shielded or unshielded

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15
Q

what is the advantage of a twisted-pair wire?

A

used for telephone service and widely available

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16
Q

what is the disadvantage of a twisted-pair wire?

A

transmission speed and distance limitations

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17
Q

what is a coaxial cable?

A

inner conductor wire surrounded by insulation

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18
Q

what is the advantage of a coaxial cable?

A

cleaner and faster data transmission than twisted-pair mire

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19
Q

what is the disadvantage of a coaxial cable?

A

more expensive that twisted-pair wire

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20
Q

what is a fibre optic cable?

A

many extremely thin strands of glass bound together in a sheathing

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21
Q

how do fibre optic cables work?

A

they use light beams to transmit signals

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22
Q

what are 3 advantages of fibre-optic cable?

A

diameter of cable is much smaller than coaxial cable
less distortion of signal
capable of high transmission rates

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23
Q

what is the disadvantage of fibre-optic cable?

A

expensive to purchase and install

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24
Q

what are the 3 kinds of wireless media transmission?

A

infrared line of sight (LOS)
high-frequency radio
microwave: long distances

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25
Q

what is an example of infrared light of sight transmission?

A

TV remote control changing the channel

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26
Q

what is an example of high frequency radio transmission?

A

two antenna towers, used in cell phones and police radios

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27
Q

when are high-frequency radio transmission used?

A

used in long distance

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28
Q

what is an example of microwave: long distances?

A

antennas on earth send signals to satellites in space and back down

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29
Q

what is are microwave: long distance transmission media?

A

a high frequency radio signal that os sent through the air using wither earth based or satellite systems

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30
Q

what is the advantage of microwave communication?

A

a line of sight is unobstructed

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31
Q

what are 5 disadvantages of microwave long-distance communication?

A

attenuation is low over short distance
high winds
heavy rain
electromagnetic interference
eavesdropping

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32
Q

what is a satellite microwave?

A

a line-of-sight technology that uses relay stations to transfer signals between antennas located on earth and a satellite orbiting earth

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33
Q

what is an advantage of satellite microwaves?

A

is can be used to access very remote locations

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34
Q

what are 3 disadvantages of satellite microwaves?

A

attenuation
electromagnetic interference
eavesdropping

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35
Q

what is a cellphone?

A

a two-way wireless communication that assigns unique frequencies to calls and can transmit in analog or digital

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36
Q

what are the 3 kinds of wireless media that cellphones can communicate in?

A

3G wireless communicaitons
4G wireless communications
5G communications

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37
Q

what is 3G wireless communications?

A

supports wireless voice and broadband speed data communications in a mobile environment

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38
Q

what is 4G wireless communications?

A

4G will also provide increased data transmission rates in the 20-40 mbps range

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39
Q

what is LTE?

A

long term evolution

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40
Q

what is 5G?

A

a higher frequency band of wireless spectrum called millimetre wave that allows data to be transferred much more rapidly than the lower frequency band dedicated to 4G

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41
Q

what is the downside to 5G?

A

the signals don’t travel as far

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42
Q

what are the frequency of ranges for wireless transmission communications?

A

radio
microwave
infrared

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43
Q

when is wireless communications regulated?

A

when the signal must be broad cast within a specific frequency range to avoid interference with other wireless transmissions

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44
Q

what range does radio frequency operate in?

A

3kHz - 300 MHz range

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45
Q

what is the advantage of radio frequency range?

A

supports mobile users and costs are dropping

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46
Q

what is the disadvantage to radio frequency range?

A

signal is susceptible to interception

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47
Q

what range does microwave: terrestrial and satellite operate in?

A

300 MHz - 300 GHz sent through atmosphere and space

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48
Q

what are the 2 advantages of microwave: terrestrial and satellite?

A

avoids coats and efforts to lay cable and wires

capable of high speed transmission

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49
Q

what are the 2 disadvantages of microwave: terrestrial and satellite?

A

must have unobstructed line of sight between the sender and receiver

signal high susceptible to interception

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50
Q

what range does infrared frequency operate in?

A

300 GHz - 400GHz sent through air as light waves

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51
Q

what is the advantage to infrared frequency?

A

allows you to move, remove and install devices without expensive wiring

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52
Q

what are the 2 disadvantages of infrared frequency?

A

must have unobstructed line of sight between the sender and receiver

transmission effective for only short distances

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53
Q

what is near field communication (NFC)?

A

a very short range wireless connectivity technology designed for consumer electronics, cell phones and credit cards

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54
Q

what is bluetooth?

A

a wireless communications specification that described how cell phones, computers, personal digital assistants can be interconnected with bluetooth

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55
Q

what is ultra Wideband (UWB)?

A

a short-range communications that employs extremely shot electromagnetic pulses lasting 50 - 1000 picoseconds with a transmission range of 10-15 meters

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56
Q

what is WIFI?

A

a medium-range wireless telecommunications technology brand owned by the WIFI alliance

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57
Q

what are the 3 most common forms of satellite communications?

A

geostationary satellite
low earth orbit (LEO) satellite
very small aperture terminal (VAST)

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58
Q

what is a computer network?

A

the communications media, devices, and software needed to connect two or more computer systems or devices

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59
Q

what are network nodes?

A

the computers and devices on the networks

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60
Q

what do organizations use networks nodes for?

A

they can use networks to share hardware, programs and databases

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61
Q

what is a network topology?

A

a diagram that indicates how the communications links and hardware devices of the network are arranged

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62
Q

what are the 3 most common network topologies?

A

star network
bus network
mesh network

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63
Q

what is a star network?

A

computers connected through a central hub

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64
Q

what is a bus network?

A

there is a common back bone or line connecting all the computers

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65
Q

what is a mesh network?

A

where all devices are access points and connected to one another

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66
Q

what are the 3 network types?

A

a personal area network (PAN)
a local area network (LAN)
a metropolitan area network (MAN)

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67
Q

what is a personal area network (PAN)?

A

supports the interconnection of information technology close to one person

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68
Q

what is a local area network (LAN)?

A

connects compter systems and devices within a small area like an office or a home

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69
Q

what is a metropolitan network (MAN)?

A

connects users and there devices in an area that spans a campus or city

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70
Q

what us a wide area network (WAN)?

A

a wide area network that connects large geographic regions

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71
Q

what do wide area networks consist of?

A

computer equipment owned by the user

data communications equipment and telecommunications links provided by various carriers and service providers

72
Q

what are the 3 kinds of processing?

A

centralized processing
decentralized processing
distributed processing

73
Q

what is centralized processing?

A

occurs in a single location or facility

74
Q

what is decentralized processing?

A

involves devices placed at various remote locations, the devices do not communicate with one another

75
Q

what is distributed processing?

A

it uses devices places at remote locations; devices are connected to each other via a network

76
Q

what is cloud computing?

A

a computing environment in which software and storage are provided as an internet services accessed with a web browser

77
Q

what is the advantages to a business of using cloud computing?

A

businesses can save on system design, installation and maintenance

78
Q

what are the 2 methods of deploying cloud computing?

A

public cloud
private cloud

79
Q

what is a public cloud?

A

service providers offer their cloud based services to the general public

80
Q

what is a private cloud?

A

cloud technology is used within the confines of a private network

81
Q

what are the 2 types of networking of a network service?

A

client/server model
peer to peer

82
Q

what is a server?

A

any computer on a network that makes access to files, printing, communication and other services available to users on the network

83
Q

what is a client?

A

any computer, such as a users workstation or a PC on the network

84
Q

what are requests?

A

when people using are wanting to access certain information

85
Q

what is an example of a request?

A

when somone is searching something up on google requesting certain information

86
Q

what is the client/server architecture system?

A

multiple computer platforms that are dedicated to special functions

87
Q

what is a server?

A

it is the “captain” of the network, it has more advanced CPU, more memory and more disk storage

88
Q

what is a peer-to-peer network?

A

it is a simple type of network where computers can communicate with one another and share what is on or attached to their computer with other users

89
Q

what is an example of a peer-to-peer network?

A

multiple computer attached to an internet router

90
Q

what is an example of client/server model?

A

multiple computers for a specific function connected to a single single server

91
Q

how do peer-to-peer networks work?

A

computers on the network are equal with each workstation providing access to resources and data

92
Q

what are the 9 most common telecommunications devices?

A

modem
fax modem
multiplexer
PBX
front end processor
switch
bridge
router
gateway

93
Q

what is the function of a modem?

A

translates data from a digital form (as it is stored in the computer) into an analog signal that can be transmitted over ordinary telephone lines

94
Q

what is the function of a fax modem?

A

they allow businesses to transmit text, graphs, photographs, and other digital files via standard telephone lines, a fax modem is a very popular device that combines a fax with a modem giving users a powerful communications tool

95
Q

what is the function of a multiplier?

A

allows several telecommunications signals to be transmitted over a single communications medium at the same time, this saving expensive long-distance communications costs

96
Q

what is the function of a PBX?

A

a communications system that manages both voice and data transfer within a building and to outside lines

97
Q

what is the function if a front-end processor?

A

special-purpose computer that manages communications to and from a computer system serving many people

98
Q

what is the function of a switch?

A

uses the physical device address in each incoming message on the network to determine which output port it should forward the message to reach another device on the same network

99
Q

what is the function of a bridge?

A

connects one LAN to another LAN that uses the same telecommunications protocol

100
Q

what is the function of a router?

A

forwards data packets across two or more distinct networks toward their destinations through a process known as routing, often an internet service provider instals a touter in a subscribers home that connects the internet service providers network to the network within the home

101
Q

what is the function of a gateway?

A

a network device that serves as an entrance to another network

102
Q

what is a network operating system?

A

system s software that controls the computer systems and devices on a network

103
Q

what is a network management software?

A

protects software from being copied, modified or downloaded illegally and located telecommunications errors and potential network problems

104
Q

what is software defined networking (SDN)?

A

an emerging approach to networking that allows network administrators to have programable central control of the network via a controller without requiring physical access to all the network devices

105
Q

what are web servers?

A

a special computer that is specifically designed to store and serve up web pages, this machine contains special hardware and software to perform its many specialized functions

106
Q

what is hypertext?

A

a web page stored on a web server and contains information and links related to other related information (hyper links)

107
Q

what is HTML (hypertext markup language)?

A

a standard method used to specifiy the format of webpages, that uses codes/tags which stipulate how the content should appear to the user

108
Q

what is a web browser?

A

a software program used to locate and display webpages that includes text, graphics and multimedia content

109
Q

what is the internet?

A

the infrastructure on which the web exists, made up of computers, network hardware such as routers and fibre-optic cables, software and the TCP/IP protocols

110
Q

how does the web work?

A

web components combining to deliver information and services over the internet

111
Q

what are 4 components of the web?

A

server and client software
the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
standards
mark-up languages

112
Q

what is hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)?

A

a set of rules for people who are created websites

113
Q

what is a hyperlink?

A

highlighted text or graphics in a web document that when clicked, opens a new webpage

114
Q

what is a web browser?

A

web client software used to view webpages

115
Q

what are 4 examples of web browsers?

A

internet explorer
Firefox
chrome
safari

116
Q

what is a website?

A

a collection of pages on one particular topic, accessed under one web domain

117
Q

what is hypertext markup language (HTML)?

A

the standard page description language for web pages

118
Q

what are HTML tags?

A

they are tags that tell the web browser how to formate text and elements to be inserted

119
Q

what are cascading style sheet s(CSS)?

A

a markup language that defines that visual appearance of content in a web page

120
Q

what is extensive markup language (XML)?

A

a markup language designed to transport and store data on the web page

121
Q

what is java?

A

an object-oriented programming language from sun Microsystems based on C++ and allows small programs to be embedded with an HTML document

122
Q

what are 4 popular tools for creating web pages and managing websites?

A

adobe dreamweaver CC
rapidweaver 5
Microsoft expression web
Nvu

123
Q

what is a mashup?

A

when two or more web applications combines into a new service

124
Q

what is Web 2.0?

A

the web as a computing platform that supports software applications and the sharing of information among users

125
Q

what is a search engine?

A

the information on the web that is found by specifying keywords

126
Q

what company dominates the search engine market?

A

google

127
Q

what is wikipedia?

A

an online encyclopedia

128
Q

what is a negative of wikipedia?

A

eateries can be inaccurate and biased

129
Q

what is a web portal?

A

a webpage that combines useful information and links and acts as an entry point to the web

130
Q

what are vertical portals?

A

pages that provide information and links for special-interest groups

131
Q

what are corporate portals?

A

provide access to work-related resources

132
Q

what is a web log (BLOG)?

A

a website that people can create and use to write about their observations, experiences and opinions on a wide range of topics

133
Q

what is a video log (vlog)?

A

blogging with video content

134
Q

what is a podcast?

A

an audio broadcast over the internet

135
Q

what is content streaming?

A

a method of transferring large media files over the internet, the data stream of voice and pictures play continually as the file is being downloaded

136
Q

how has online media and entertainment impacted music?

A

it the internet and the web have made music more accessible than ever, through artists distributing their songs through online radio, subscription services and download services

137
Q

what is an E-book?

A

a book that is stored digitally

138
Q

what are E-tail stores?

A

online versions of retail stores that provide access to many products that may be unavailable in local stores

139
Q

what is ARPANET?

A

an ancestor of the internet

140
Q

who created the ARPANET?

A

it was a project started by then US department of defence (DoD) in 1969

141
Q

what is internet protocol (IP)?

A

enables computeres to route communications traffic from one network to another

142
Q

what is internet2?

A

a faster alternative to internet

143
Q

what is backbone?

A

one of the internets high speed, long-distance communications links

144
Q

how does the internet work?

A

through a network of hardware that makes internet possible

145
Q

what are network protocols?

A

a set of rules on how to do something, agreed upon formats for transmitting data between connected computers and how to arrange data packets, how to signals end of message and how to specify destination address

146
Q

what does transmission control protocol (TCP) do?

A

braks information into small chinks called data packets, manages that transfer of the packets from computer to computer and reassembles data packets into a message at the destination

147
Q

what is internet protocols (IP) do?

A

controls how data packets are formed, addresses each packet with the source and destination address

148
Q

what is an IP datagram?

A

a data packet conforming to the IP spec called an IP datagram

149
Q

what do routers do?

A

they identify each device on a network as unique using IP protocol

150
Q

what are the 2 ways to connect to the internet?

A

connecting via LAN sever
connecting via internet service provider

151
Q

what is connecting to the Internet via LAN server?

A

a connection method of businesses and organizations that mange a local area network (LAN)

152
Q

what is an IP address?

A

a coding system used to identify computers on the internet

153
Q

what is an example of an IP address?

A

a set of four numbers in-between 1 and 254 seperated by dots, 173.194.43.7

154
Q

how does the internet use packet switching?

A

the internet uses packet switching to enable users to transmit across it concurrently

155
Q

wha Is uniform resource locator (URL)?

A

a web address that specifies the exact location of a web page using letters and words that map to an IP address and a host location

156
Q

what is an internet corporation for assigned names and number (ICANN)?

A

it is responsible for managing IP addresses and internet domain names

157
Q

what are 5 different kinds of domain affiliations?

A

com
edu
gov
net
org

158
Q

what is the affiliation that a website has if it ends in .com?

A

it is a business site

159
Q

what is the affiliation that a website has if it ends in .edu?

A

it is a post-secondary educational sites

160
Q

what is the number of hosts of websites ending in .com?

A

112,259,193

161
Q

what is the number of hosts of websites ending in .edu?

A

7,500

162
Q

what is the affiliation that a website has if it ends in .gov?

A

it is a government site

163
Q

what is the number of hosts of websites ending in .gov?

A

2,174

164
Q

what is the affiliation that a website has if it ends in .net?

A

it is a networking site

165
Q

what is the number of hosts of websites ending in .net?

A

15,221,763

166
Q

what is the affiliation that a website has if it ends in .org?

A

it is a nonprofit organization site

167
Q

what is the number of hosts of websites ending in .org?

A

10,395,604

168
Q

what are network access points (NAPs)?

A

they what connect internet service providers together and serve as internet access points for internet service providers and serve as exchange points for interest traffic

169
Q

what is an internet backbone?

A

collection of main network connections and telecommunications lines that make up the internet

170
Q

what does a modem do?

A

it covers signals back and fourth from digital to analog for transmission and receipt between computers

171
Q

does a computer require a modem to get access to the internet?

A

yes

172
Q

what does a modem enable a computer to do?

A

it enables computers to connect and transmit data over phone lines by converting the sending computers digital signals to analog and back again or the receiving computer

173
Q

who developed the world wide web?

A

it was developed by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN

174
Q

what was the worldwide web originally made for?

A

it was originally made as an internal document management system

175
Q

what are the 3 things the web has grown to become?

A

a primary source of news and information

an indispensable conduit for commerce

a popular hub for social interaction, entertainment and communication

info systems (18 decks)

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