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Biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system ?

A
  • transports oxygen and nutrients to cell
  • transports carbon dioxide and waste away from cells
    -Carries hormones through body
    -Carries antibodies and immune helpers through the body
  • Maintains fluid levels in body
  • Regulate body temperature
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2
Q

Cardiac muscle tissue is…

A

Striated; involuntary; branched

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3
Q

Cardiac muscle cell has how many mitochondria?

A

5000

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle cell has how many mitochondria?

A

200

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5
Q

Bigger animal means what about the heart?

A

Lower heart rate but
Bigger heart

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6
Q

Deoxygenated blood enters the heart via the vena cavas and goes…

A

Right atrium
Tricuspid valve
Right ventricle
Pulmonary valve
Pulmonary trunk
To lungs

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7
Q

Oxegynated blood comes from the lungs into…

A

Pulmonary veins
Left atrium
Mitral valve
Left ventricle
Aortic valve
Aorta

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8
Q

Veins and arteries on the heart are called…

A

Coronary veins and arteries

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9
Q

Which are the atrioventricular valves ?

A

Tricuspid and Mitral valves

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10
Q

Which are the semilunar valves ?

A

Pulmonary and aortic valve

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11
Q

The tunica media is made up of …

A

Smooth muscle and elastin allowing it to constrict and stretch

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12
Q

The Lub sound of the heart is…

A

The atrioventricular valves shutting

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13
Q

The dub sound is the …

A

Semilunar valves shutting

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14
Q

What is a normal resting heart rate?

A

60-100 bpm

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15
Q

What is a chronically high heart rate ?

A

Over 100 bpm is tachycardia

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16
Q

What is a chronically low heart rate?

A

Less then 40 bpm is bradychardia

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17
Q

What is pulse?

A

The change in diameter of your arteries with each beat

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18
Q

What is systole?

A

Ventricles are contracting and the heart is emptying

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19
Q

What is diastole?

A

The ventricles are relaxing and heart is filling

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20
Q

What is blood pressure?

A

Force of blood pressing and against wall of arteries

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21
Q

What is systolic pressure ?

A

Pulse from ventricular contraction (higher #)

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22
Q

What is diastolic pressure?

A

Pulse from ventricular relaxation (lower #)

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23
Q

What is the job if basophils ?

A

Basophils play a role in the narrowing of airways (asthma)
Make 1% of leucocytes

24
Q

What is the job of monocytes ?

A

Clean away dead cells
Make 5-12% of leucocytes

25
Q

What is the job of eosinophils ?

A

Trigger allergy symptoms
5% of Leucocytes

26
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

Key to how vaccines work

27
Q

What are neutrophils ?

A

Key responders to bacteria
Make up most Leucocytes

28
Q

What organ is associated with the hepatic artery and vein?

A

The liver

29
Q

What organ is associated with the renal artery and vein?

A

The kidneys

30
Q

What attracts platelets when cut?

A

Collagen

31
Q

What is a scab?

A

Platelets trapped in a fibrin mesh

32
Q

What is the SA node?

A

Sinoatrial is a bundle of tissue that stimulates muscle cells to contract and relax (the pacemaker).

33
Q

What is the AV node?

A

Atrioventricular transmits the electrical signal through the bundle of His fibres.

34
Q

What is the bundle of His- Purkinje fibres?

A

Initiates contraction of muscle cells in right and left ventricles from septum.

35
Q

What happens in the P wave?

A

Atrial contraction

36
Q

What happens in the QRS complex?

A

Ventricular contraction and the atrioventricular valves close (LUB)

37
Q

What happens in the T wave?

A

Ventricles relax and semilunar valves close (DUB)

38
Q

What are the 5 types of blood vessels?

A

Artery
Arteriole
Capillaries
Venule
Vein

39
Q

The pointy end of the heart is called…

A

The apex

40
Q

What is atherosclerosis?

A

The thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by a buildup of plaque.

41
Q

What is an angioplasty?

A

The surgical repair/unblock of a coronary artery by inserting a small balloon catheter.

42
Q

What is a stent?

A

A small wire mesh tube is used to prop open a cleared artery.

43
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

When blood goes from the heart to the lungs & back to the heart
(pick up oxygen)

44
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

When blood goes from heart to body & back to the heart
(delivering oxygen)

45
Q

Where does most blood go from the left heart pump?

A

Kidneys 22%
Gastrointestinal system, spleen 21%

46
Q

Where does the least blood go from the left heart pump?

A

Heart muscle 3%

47
Q

What parts of the body get 6% of blood?

A

Liver & Skin

48
Q

What part of the body gets 14% of the blood pumped?

A

Brain

49
Q

What part of the body gets 15% of the blood pumped?

A

Skeletal muscle

50
Q

What part of the body gets 5% of the blood pumped?

A

Bone

51
Q

What is a murmur?

A

Any irregular heart sounds

52
Q

If valves are leaky and sound swishy its called…

A

Regurgitation

53
Q

If valves are narrowed and sound whistley its called…

A

Stenosis

54
Q

What is used to take blood pressure?

A

Sphygmomanometer

55
Q

What is hypertension?

A

When force of blood pushing against artery walls is to high
(High blood pressure)

56
Q

What is a myocardial infraction?

A

Insufficient blood flow to the heart through coronary arteries
(Heart attack)

57
Q

What does and ECG measure?

A

Electrical impulses generated by the heart beating.

Biology (7 decks)

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