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Opthalmology > Chronic > Flashcards

Chronic Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of hypertensive retinopathy

A

Decreased vision, Blurred vision, Headaches

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2
Q

Signs of hypertensive retinopathy

A

Copper/Silver wire vessels, Cotton wool spots, Hard exudates

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3
Q

Define amaurosis fugax

A

“Curtain fall” vision loss caused by transient emobli

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4
Q

Signs of diabetic retinopathy

A

Micro-aneurysms, Hard exudates, Blot haemorrhages, Retinal detachment, Vitrious haemorrhage, Tortuous vessels

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5
Q

Management of diabetic retinopathy

A

Improve DM control, Improve HTN control, Intravitreal Anti-VEGF, Laser of periphery

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6
Q

Risk factors for cataracts

A

Diabetes, Neurofibromatosis, Steroid use, Trauma, Advanced age

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7
Q

Symptoms of cataracts

A

Blurred vision, Vision loss, Glare

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8
Q

Specific symptom of subcapsular cataract

A

Decreased near vision

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9
Q

Specific symptom of Nuclear cataract

A

Decreased colour vision

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10
Q

Specific symptom of cortical cataract

A

Decreased colour vision

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11
Q

Signs of cataract

A

Decreased red reflex, Obscured fundus

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12
Q

Management of cataract

A

Phacoemulsification

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13
Q

Describe dry ARMD

A

Drusen push retina away from choroid

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14
Q

Describe wet ARMD

A

Bleeding pushes retina away from choroid

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15
Q

Risk factors for ARMD

A

Advanced age, Smoking, CVS risk factors, Female, White

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16
Q

Symptoms of ARMD

A

Decreased vision, Distortion

17
Q

How to test for distortion in ARMD

A

Amsler grid

18
Q

Signs of ARMD

A

Drusen, Subretinal haemorrhages

19
Q

Investigations for ARMD

A

OCT, Fluroscein angiograpghy

20
Q

Management of dry ARMD

A

Smoking cessation, Improve nutrition

21
Q

Management of wet ARMD

A

Intravitreal anti-VEGF, Laser photocoagulation, Photodynamic therapy

22
Q

Sequelae of ARMD

A

Vitreous haemorrhage, Retinal haemorrhage, Blindness

23
Q

Risk factors for open angle glaucoma

A

FHx, Black, Myopia, DM, Thyroid eye disease

24
Q

Symptoms of open angle glaucoma

A

Decreased vision (peripheral)

25
Q

Signs of open angle glaucoma

A

Optic disc cupping, Pale optic disc

26
Q

Investigations for open angle glaucoma

A

Split prism

27
Q

Medical management of open angle glaucoma

A

Prostaglandin drops, Beta-blocker drops, Acetazolomide, Pilocarpine

28
Q

Surgical management of open angle glaucoma

A

Laser trabeculoplasty, Trabeculectomy

Opthalmology (3 decks)

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