chromatin and epigenetics Flashcards
What is chromatin
the un-condensed form of dna with all structural proteins included. How DNA is usually found within the cell
what are condensins
large protein complexes built from SMC protein dimers. They use ATP hydrolysis to help coil dna to form chromatids
name a fundamental subunit of chromatins
nucleosomes
what are histone folds
located within a globular domain. consists of 3 helices connected by 2 loops in a crescent shape
what does histone dimerisation allow histones to do
interact at specific pairings
what do nucleosomes do
protect dna from nuclease digestion
are histone tails required for nucleosome assembly
no
what are some modifications that can be done to histone tails
acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, uniquitination and ribosylation
what do histone deacytylases do
remove acetyl groups from histones
what can histone deacytylase act as
a co-repressor being recruited to genes by repressor proteins and act to reduce transcription
