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Medical Terminology > Chpts 11 & 12 > Flashcards

Chpts 11 & 12 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of heart beat

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2
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of heartbeat

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3
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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4
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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5
Q

stenosis

A

narrowing

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6
Q

arter/o, arteri/o

A

artery

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7
Q

arther/o

A

yellowish plaque, fatty substance

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8
Q

atheroma

A

collection of yellowish plaque

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9
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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10
Q

brachi/o

A

arm

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11
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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12
Q

cholesterol/o

A

cholesterol

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13
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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14
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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15
Q

myx/o

A

mucus

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16
Q

artherosclerosis

A

abnormal condition of hardening yellowish plaque

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17
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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18
Q

pericardi/o

A

pericardium

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19
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

*also ven/o, ven/i

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20
Q

rrhythm/o

A

rhythm

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21
Q

sphygm/o

A

pulse

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22
Q

steth/o

A

chest

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23
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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24
Q

valvul/o, valv/o

A

valve

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25
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

*also angi/o, vascul/o

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26
Q

vascul/o

A

vessel

*also angi/o, vas/o

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27
Q

ven/o, ven/i

A

vein

*also phleb/o

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28
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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29
Q

arrythmias

A

abnormal heart rhythms

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30
Q

bradycardia and heart block (atrioventricular block)

A

Failure of proper conduction of impulses from the SA node through the AV node to the atrioventricular bundle

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31
Q

flutter *

A

Rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

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32
Q

fibrilation *

A

Very rapid, random, inefficient, and irregular contractions of the heart.

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33
Q

contraction of the aorta (CoA)

A

Narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta

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34
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

A

Passageway (ductus arteriosus) bw the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth.
-ductus arteriosus normally closes after birth, but in this congenital condition, it remains open.

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35
Q

spetal defects

A

small holes in the wall bw the atria (atrial septal defects) or the ventricles (ventricular septal defects)

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36
Q

tetralogy of Fallot

A

Congenital malformation involving four (tetra-) distinct heart defects.

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37
Q

ventricular septal defect

A

A hole in the ventricular septum causes blood to flow from the left ventricle to the right and into the lungs via the pulmonary artery

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38
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

How would you treat this?

A

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood.

-Tread with LVAD

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39
Q

coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

Disease of the arteries surrounding the heart

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40
Q

endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

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41
Q

hypertensive heart disease

A

High bp affecting the heart

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42
Q

mitral valve prolapse (MVP)

A

Improper closure of the mitral valve

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43
Q

murmur

A

Extra heart sound, heard bw normal beats

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44
Q

pericarditis

A

Inflammation of the membrane (pericardium) surrounding the heart.

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45
Q

rheumatic heart disease

A

Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever.

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46
Q

aneurysm

A

local widening (dilation) of an aterial wall

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47
Q

deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A

Blood clot (thrombosis) forms in a large vein, usually in a lower limb

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48
Q

hypertension (HTN)

A

High bp

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49
Q

peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

Blockage of arteries carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs

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50
Q

varicose veins

A

Abnormally swollen and twisted veins, usually occurring in the legs.

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51
Q

Hemorrhoids (piles)

A

varicose veins near the anus.

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52
Q

claudication*

A

Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after WALKING has begun, but absence of pain at rest.

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53
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

P waves are replaced by irregular and rapid fluctuations. There are no effective atrial contractions.

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54
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

ventricular rate high, can be up to 250 bpm. The rhythm is regular, but the atria aren’t contributing to ventricular filling and blood output is poor

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55
Q

coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

What condition would you use this for?

A

Arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages.
-Disabling angina and extensive coronary atherosclerosis despite medical therapy.

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56
Q

endarterectomy

A

Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery

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57
Q

extracorporeal circulation

A

extracorporeal = outside the body
Heart-lung machine divers blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired.
The machine uses the technique of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

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58
Q

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (EXMO)

A

The technique the heart-lung machine uses in extracorporeal circulation

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59
Q

AAA

A

abnormal aortic aneurysm

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60
Q

ACLS

A

advanced cardiac life support

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61
Q

AED

A

automatic external defibrillator

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62
Q

AF

A

atrial fibrillation

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63
Q

a-fib

A

atrial fibrillation

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64
Q

AMI

A

acute myocardial infarction

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65
Q

AS

A

aortic stenosis

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66
Q

ASD

A

atrial septal defect

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67
Q

AV, A-V

A

atrioventricular

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68
Q

AVR

A

aortic valve replacement

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69
Q

BBB

A

bundle branch block

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70
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

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71
Q

CABG

A

coronary artery bypass grafting

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72
Q

CAD

A

coronary artery disease

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73
Q

CCU

A

coronary care unit

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74
Q

Cath

A

catheterization

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75
Q

CHF

A

congestive heart failure

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76
Q

CK

A

creatine kinase

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77
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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78
Q

DVT

A

deep vein thrombosis

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79
Q

ECMO

A

extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

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80
Q

ECG

A

electrocardiography

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81
Q

EKG

A

electrocardiography

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82
Q

ECHO

A

echocardiography

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83
Q

HDL

A

high-density lipoprotein

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84
Q

HTN

A

hypertension

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85
Q

LAD *

A

left anterior descending (coronary artery)

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86
Q

LDL

A

low-density lipoprotein

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87
Q

LV

A

left ventricle

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88
Q

LVAD

A

left ventricular assist device

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89
Q

LVH

A

left ventricular hypertrophy

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90
Q

MI

A

myocardial infarction

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91
Q

MVP

A

mitral valve prolapse

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92
Q

PAC

A

premature atrial contraction

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93
Q

PAD

A

peripheral arterial disease

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94
Q

PDA

A

patent ductus arteriosus

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95
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolus

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96
Q

PVC*

A

premature ventricular contraction

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97
Q

SA, S-A

A

sinoatrial node

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98
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

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99
Q

tPA

A

tissue-type plasminogen activator

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100
Q

VF

A

ventricular fibrillation

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101
Q

VSD

A

ventricular septal defect

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102
Q

VT

A

ventricular tachycardia

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103
Q

What would you use a coronary artery bypass grafting for?

A

Disabling angina and extensive coronary atherosclerosis despite medical therapy

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104
Q

What would you use a left carotid endarterectomy for?

A

Atherosclerotic occlusion of a main artery leading to the head.

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105
Q

What would you use a sclerosing injections and laser treatment for?

A

Varicose veins

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106
Q

What would you use LV aneurysmectomy for?

A

Protrusion of the wall of a lower heart chamber

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107
Q

What would you use atrial septal defect repair for?

A

Congenital hole in the wall of the upper chamber of the heart

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108
Q

What would you use a left ventricular assist device for?

A

Congestive heart failure

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109
Q

Why would you perform pericardiocentesis?

A

Cardiac tamponade (fluid in the space surrounding the heart)

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110
Q

Why would you perform an aortic valve replacement?

A

Aortic stenosis

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111
Q

Why would you do a pacemaker implantation?

A

Congenital hole in the wall of the upper chamber of the heart?

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112
Q

Why would you do femoral-popliteal bypass grafting?

A

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

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113
Q

Valve that lies bw the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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114
Q

smallest blood vessel

A

capillary

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115
Q

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

A

pulmonary vein

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116
Q

largest artery in the body

A

aorta

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117
Q

brings oxygen-poor blood into the heart from the upper parts of the body

A

superior vena cava

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118
Q

upper chamber of the heart

A

atrium

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119
Q

carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs from the heart

A

pulmonary artery

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120
Q

Small artery

A

arteriole

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121
Q

valve that lies bw the left atrium and the left ventricle

A

mitral valve

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122
Q

brings blood from the lower half of the body to the heart

A

inferior vena cava

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123
Q

small vein

A

venule

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124
Q

lower chamber of the heart

A

ventricle

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125
Q

hardening of arteries

A

arteriosclerosis

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126
Q

disease condition of the heart muscle

A

cardiomyopathy

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127
Q

enlargement of the heart

A

cardiomegaly

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128
Q

inflammation of a vein

A

phlebitis

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129
Q

high levels of cholesterol in the blood

A

hypercholesterolemia

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130
Q

condition of rapid heartbeat

A

tachycardia

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131
Q

surgical repair of a valve

A

valvuloplasty

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132
Q

condition of deficient oxygen

A

hypoxia

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133
Q

pertaining to the upper heart chamber

A

atrial

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134
Q

narrowing of the mitral valve

A

mitralstenosis

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135
Q

breakdown of a clot

A

thrombolysis

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136
Q

cyanosis

A

= condition of blue

-bluish discoloration of the skin owing to deficient oxygen in the skin

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137
Q

phlebotomy

A

process of cutting into a vein

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138
Q

arterial anastomosis

A

new connection bw arteries

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139
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

circulatory failure due to poor heart function

140
Q

atheroma

A

collection of yellowish plaque (fatty substance)

141
Q

atherosclerosis

A

= condition of hardening yellow plaque

-hardening of the arteries with a yellow plaque

142
Q

mitral valvulitis

A

inflammation of the mitral valve

143
Q

stethoscope

A

=instrument to visually examine the chest

-instrument to listen to sounds within the chest

144
Q

sphygomanometer

A

instrument to measure blood pressure

145
Q

arrythmia

A

condition of abnormal heart rhythm

146
Q

vasoconstriction

A

narrowing of a vessel

147
Q

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

A

endocarditis

148
Q

rapid but regular atrial or ventricular contractions

A

flutter

149
Q

small hole bw the upper heart chambers; congenital anomaly

A

atrial septal defect

150
Q

improper closure of the valve bw the left atrium and ventricle during systole

A

mitral valve prolapse

151
Q

blockage of the arteries surrounding the heart leading to ischemia

A

coronary artery disease

152
Q

high bp affecting the heart

A

hypertensive heart disease

153
Q

rapid, random, ineffectual, and regular contractions of the heart

A

fibrillation

154
Q

inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart

A

pericarditis

155
Q

inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood

A

congestive heart failure

156
Q

congenital malformation involving 4 separate heart defects

A

tetrology of fallot

157
Q

congenital narrowing of the large artery leading from the heart

A

coarctation of the aorta

158
Q

a duct bw the aorta and pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remains open

A

patent ductus arteriosus

159
Q

lesions that form on heart valves after damage by infection

A

vegetations

160
Q

clots that travel to and suddenly block a blood vessel

A

emboli

161
Q

small, pinpoint hemorrhages

A

petechiae

162
Q

an extra heart sound, heard bw normal beats and caused by a valvular defect or concition that disrupts the smooth flow of blood through the heart

A

murmur

163
Q

listening with a stethoscope

A

ascultation

164
Q

heart disease caused by rheumatic fever

A

rheumatic heart disease

165
Q

local widening of an artery

A

aneurysm

166
Q

pain, tension, and weakness in a limb after walking has begun

A

claudication

167
Q

blockage of arteries in the lower extremities; etiology is atherosclerosis

A

peripheral arterial disease

168
Q

pertaining to the heart

A

coronary

169
Q

not a normal heart rhythm

A

arrhythmia

170
Q

abnormal condition of blueness

A

cyanosis

171
Q

chest pain

A

angina pectoris

172
Q

inflammation of a vein

A

phlebitis

173
Q

hardening of the arteries with a fatty plaque

A

atherosclerosis

174
Q

swollen veins in the rectal region

A

hemorroids

175
Q

Bill was having pain in his chest tat radiated up his necka nd down his arm. He called his family physician, who thought Bill should report to the local emergency room immediately. The first test performed in the ER was a/an (stress test, ECG, CABG)

A

ECG

176
Q

Dr. Kelly explained to the family that their observation of the bluish color of the baby Charles’ skin helped her make the diagnosis of a/an (thrombotic, aneurysmal, septal) defect in the baby’s heart, which needed immediate attention.

A

septal

177
Q

Dr. Duggan had a dever of unknown origin. When the doctors completed an echocardiogram and saw vegetations in his mitral valve, they suspected (bacterial endocarditis, hypertensive heart disease, angina)

A

bacterial endocarditis

178
Q

Claudia’s hands turned red, almost purple, whenever she want out into the cold or became stressed. Her physical thought it might be wise to evaluate her for (varicose veins, Raynaud’s disease, intermittent claudication)

A

Raynaud’s disease

179
Q

Daisy’s heart felt like it was skipping beats every time she drank coffee. Her physician suggested that she wear a/an (Holter monitor, LVAD, CABG)

A

Holter monitor

180
Q

Paola’s father and grandfather died of heart attacks. Her physician tells her that she has inherited a tendency to accumulate fats in her bloodstream. Blood tests reveal high levels of (enzymes, lipids, nitroglycerin). Discussing her family history with her (gynocologist, hematologist, cardiologist), she understands that she has familial (hypocholerolstemia, hypercholerolstemia, cardiomyopathy)

A

lipids, cardiologist, hypercholesterolemia

181
Q

While exercising, Bernard experienced a pain (cramp) in his calf muscle. The pain disappeared when we was resting. After performing (Holter monitoring, Doppler ultrasound, echocardiography) on his leg to assess blood flow, Dr. Shaw found (stenosis, fibrillation, endocarditis), indicating poor circulation. She recommended a daily exercise program, low-far diet, carful foot care, and antiplatelet drug therapy to treat Bernards intermittent (palpitations, hypertension, claudication)

A

Doppler ultrasound, stenosis, claudication

182
Q

Carol notices that her 6-week old son Louis had a slightly bluish or (jaundices, cyanotic, diastolic) coloration to his skin. She consulted a pediatric (dermatologist, hematologist, cardiologist), who performed (echocardiography, PET scan, endarterectomy) and diagnosed Louis’s condition as (endocarditis, congestive heart failure, tetrology of Fallot)

A

cyanotic, cardiologist, echocardiography, tetrology of fallot

183
Q

78 year old John smith has had coronary artery disease and high bp for the past 10 years. His history included an acute heart attack, or (MI, PDA, CABG). He often was tired and complained of (dyspnea, nausea, migraines) and swelling in his ankles. His physician diagnosed his condition as (aortic aneurysm, congestive heart failure, congenital heart disease) and recommended restricted salt intake, diuretics, and an (ACE inhibitor, antibiotic, analgesic)

A

MI, dyspnea, congestive heart failure, ACE inhibitor

184
Q

Sarah had a routine checkup that included (auscultation, vasoconstriction, vasodilation) of her chest with a (catheter, stent, stethoscope) to listen to her heart. Her physician noticed a midsystolic murmur characteristic of (DVT, MVP, LDL). An echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis.

A

auscultation, stethoscope, MVP

185
Q

adenoid/o

A

adenoids

186
Q

alveol/o

A

alveolus , air sac

187
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

188
Q

bronchiol/o

A

bronchiole, small bronchus

189
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

190
Q

bronchopleural

A

pertaining to the bronchus and the pleura

191
Q

coni/o

A

dust

192
Q

epiglott/o

A

epiglottis

193
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, voice box

194
Q

lob/o

A

lobe of the lung

195
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

196
Q

nas/o

A

nose

*also rhin/o

197
Q

orth/o

A

straight, upright

198
Q

intubation

A

inserting a tube

199
Q

orthopnea

A

breathing straight

-breathing is easier in the upright position

200
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

201
Q

ex-

A

out/away

202
Q

pector/o

A

chest

*also thorac/o

203
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

204
Q

phon/o

A

voice

205
Q

dysphonia

A

pertaining to abnormal voice

206
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

207
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

208
Q

-dynia

A

pain

209
Q

effusion

A

escape of fluid

210
Q

pneum/o, pneumon/o

A

air, lung

211
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

212
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

*also nas/o

213
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus, cavity

214
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

215
Q

expiration

A

process of breathing out

*S is omitted becasue of X

216
Q

rhinorrhea

A

flow of the nose

217
Q

tel/o

A

complete

218
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

*also pector/o

219
Q

tonsill/o

A

tonsils

220
Q

-ectasis

A

expansion

221
Q

atelectasis

A

incomplete expansion

222
Q

trache/o

A

trachea, windpipe

223
Q

-ema

A

condition

224
Q

em-

A

in

225
Q

-osmia

A

smell

226
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

227
Q

dyspnea

A

abnormal breathing

228
Q

-ptysis

A

spitting

229
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

230
Q

asphyxia

A

no pulse

231
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

232
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body

233
Q

percussion

A

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

234
Q

pleural rub

A

Scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
-this is due to inflammation

235
Q

rales (crackles)

A

Fine crackling sounds hears on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

236
Q

rhonchi (singular: rhonchus)

A

Loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
-sounds resemble snoring and usually caused by secretions in larger bronchial tubes

237
Q

sputum

A

Material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting.

238
Q

stridor

A

Strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx.
-caused by throat abscess, airway injury, croup, allergic rxn, laryngitis

239
Q

wheezes

A

Continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing.
-asthmatics commonly experience this

240
Q

croup

A

Acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, accompanied by barking cough and stridor.

241
Q

diphtheria

A

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium.
-inflammation occurs, and leather membrane forms in pharynx and trachea

242
Q

epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

243
Q

pertussis

A

Whooping cough: highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella pertussis

244
Q

asthma

A

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production.

245
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection

246
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of COPD

247
Q

cystic fibrosis (CF)

A

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick mucinous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally

248
Q

atelectasis

A

Collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

249
Q

emphysema

A

Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
-form of COPD

250
Q

What are 2 forms of COPD

A

emphysema and chronic bronchitis

251
Q

Lung cancer

-What are the 2 categories?

A

Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and the bronchi

-small cell (SCLC) and non-small cell (NSCLC)

252
Q

pneumoconiosis

What kinds?

A

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis
-There are various forms according to the type of dust particle
anthracosis- coal
asbestosis - asbestos
silicosis- silica

253
Q

pneumonia

A

Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fills with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

254
Q

pulmonary abscess

A

Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs

255
Q

pulmonary edema

A

Fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

256
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

Clot or material lodges in vessel of the lung

257
Q

sarcoidosis

A

chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs.

258
Q

granulomas

A

small nodules

259
Q

tuberculosis (TB)

A

Infectious disease where lungs usually are involved, but any organ in the body may be affected.
-bacteria invade lungs

260
Q

pleural effusion

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

261
Q

pleurodesis

A

the artificial production of adhesions bw the parietal and visceral pleura for treatment of persistent pneumothorax

262
Q

-desis

A

to bind

263
Q

chest x-ray (CXR)

A

radiographic image of the thoracic cavity

264
Q

computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest

A

computer-generated series of x-ray images show thoracic structure in cross section and other planes
-identify things difficult to see by x-ray

265
Q

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the chest

A

magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional planes
-helpful in defining mediastinal tumors difficult to assess by CT

266
Q

positron emission tomography (PET) scan of the lung

A

Radioactive glucose is injected and images reveal metabolic activity in the lungs
- this can identify malignant tumors which have higher metabolic activity

267
Q

ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan

A

detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope in inhalation of small amount of radioactive gas (xenon)
-identifies areas of the lung no receiving adequate air flow (ventilation) or blood flow (perfusion)

268
Q

bronchoscopy

A

fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes

269
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway

270
Q

lung biopsy

A

removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination

271
Q

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

Tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs; airway function, lung volume, and the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.

272
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck

273
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

274
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacillus

-type of organism that causes tuburculosis

275
Q

ARDs

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

276
Q

BAL

A

bronchoalveolar lavage

277
Q

Bronch

A

bronchoscopy

278
Q

CF

A

cystic fibrosis

279
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

280
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity testing

281
Q

CXR

A

chest x-ray

282
Q

DOE

A

dyspnea on exertion

283
Q

DPT

A

diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus

-toxiods for vaccination of infants

284
Q

ICU

A

intensive care unit

285
Q

LLL

A

left lower lobe (of lung)

286
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe (of lung)

287
Q

NSCLC

A

non-small cell lung cancer

288
Q

PCP

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

-type of pneumonia seen in AIDS patients

289
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

290
Q

PFTs

A

pulmonary function tests

291
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative

292
Q

RDS

A

respiratory distress sundrome

293
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe

294
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe

295
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

296
Q

TLC

A

total lung capacity

297
Q

URI

A

upper respiratory infection

298
Q

VATS

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery

299
Q

V/Q scan

A

ventilation-perfusion scan

300
Q

RML

A

right middle lung

301
Q

bronchiectasis

A

chronic dilation of a bronchus

302
Q

pneumothorax

A

air in the chest (pleural cavity)

303
Q

anosmia

A

lack of smell

304
Q

laryngectomy

A

process of removing the voice box

305
Q

glottis

A

opening to the larynx

306
Q

excessive carbon dioxide in the blood

A

hypercapnia

307
Q

breathing is easier or possible only in an upright position

A

orthopnea

308
Q

difficulty breathing

A

dyspnea

309
Q

spitting up blood

A

hemoptysis

310
Q

deficiency in oxygen

A

hypoxia

311
Q

condition of pus in the pleural cavity

-2 anwers

A

pyothorax

empyrema

312
Q

hoarseness; voice impairment

A

dysphonia

313
Q

blood in the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

314
Q

nosebleed

A

epistaxis

315
Q

acute infectious disease of the throat caused by Corynebacterium

A

diphtheria

316
Q

acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants that is marked by obstruction of the larynx and stridor

A

croup

317
Q

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

A

emphysema

318
Q

inflammation of tubes that lead from the trachea, over a long period of time

A

chronic bronchitis

319
Q

chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by airway obstruction

A

asthma

320
Q

lung or portion of a lung is collapsed

A

atelectasis

321
Q

malignant neoplasm originating in a lung or bronchus

A

lung cancer

322
Q

whooping cough (another word)

A

pertussis

323
Q

a collection of fluid or other material within the lung as see on chest film, CT scan, or other radiologic study

A

infiltrate

324
Q

inherited disease of exocrine glands; mucous secretions lead to airway obstruction

A

cystic fibrosis

325
Q

inflammatory disease in which small nodules form in lungs and lymph nodes

A

sarcoidosis

326
Q

This symptom means that a patient has difficulty breathing and becomes short of breath when exercising

A

dyspnea on exertion (DOE)

327
Q

Visual examination of the chest via endoscope and video monitor

A

video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)

328
Q

3 basic steps:
1- airway opened by tilting the head
2- breathing restored by mouth-to-mouth
3-circulation restored by external cardiac compression

A

CPR

329
Q

Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are examples

A

NSCLC

330
Q

A group of symptons resulting in acute respiratory failure

A

acute (adult) respiratory distress (ARDS)

331
Q

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are examples

A

COPD

332
Q

A spirometer is used for these respiratory tests

A

pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

333
Q

substance used in a test for tuberculosis

A

purified protein derivative (PPD)

334
Q

Injection in an infant to provide immunity

A

diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus (DPT)

335
Q

removal of lymph tissue in the oropharynx

A

tonsillectomy

336
Q

surgical puncture of the chest to remove fluid from the pleural space

A

thoracentesis

337
Q

incision of the chest

A

thoracotomy

338
Q

removal of the voice box

A

laryngectomy

339
Q

removal of a region of the lung

A

lobectomy

340
Q

endoscopic examination of the chest

A

thoracoscopy or thorascopy

341
Q

pulmonary resection

A

pneumectomy

342
Q

Before making a decision to perform surgery on Mrs. Hope, an 80 year old woman with lung cancer, her physicians ordered (COPD, bronchoscopy, PFTs) to determine the functioning of her lungs.

A

PFTs

343
Q

Early in her pregnancy, Sonya had a routine (PET scan, CXR, MRI) that revealed a/an (epiglottic, alveolar, mediastinal) mass in the area bw her lungs. After delivery of her child, the mass was removed, and biopsy revealed a malignant thymoma.

A

CXR, mediastinal

344
Q

5 year old Seth was allergic to cats and experienced wheezing, coughing, and difficult breathing at night when he was trying to sleep. After careful evaluation by a (cardiologist, pulmonologist, neurologist) his parents were told that Seth had (pleurisy, sarcoidosis, asthma) involving inflammation of his (nasal passages, pharynx, bronchial tubes)

A

pulmonologist, asthma, bronchial tubes

345
Q

6 year old Daisy had a habit of picking her nose. During the winter months, heat in her family’s house cause drying of her nasal (mucus, mucous, pleural) membranes. She had frequent bouts of (epistaxis, croup, stridor)

A

mucous, epistaxis

346
Q

75 year old Beatrice had been a pack-a-day smoker all of her adult life. Over the previous 3 months she noticed a persistent cough, weight loss, blood in her sputum (hemoptysis, hematemesis, asbestosis), and dyspnea. A chest CT scan revealed a mass. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of (tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, adenocarcinoma) which is a type of (small cell, non-small cell, lymph node) lung cancer.

A

hemoptysis, adenocarcinoma, non-small cell

347
Q

Carrie’s lungs were normal at birth, but thick bronchial secretions soon blocker her (arterioles, venules, bronchioles), which became inflamed. She was losing weight, and tests revealed inadequate amounts of pancreatic enzymes necessary for digestion of fats and proteins. Her pediatrician diagnosed her hereditary condition as (chronic bronchitis, asthma, cystic fibrosis)

A

bronchioles, cystic fibrosis

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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