chondrosarcoma

Question 1

what is it?

Answer 1

malignant tumour that produces cartilage

Question 2

who is it more common in?

Answer 2

adults

Question 3

what are the 3 types?

Answer 3

dedifferentiated, clear cell, mesenchymal

Question 4

what is the pathophysiology of dedifferentiated?

Answer 4

low grade chondrosarcoma with a separate high grade component that does not produce cartilage

Question 5

what is the pathophysiology of clear cell?

Answer 5

malignant chondrocytes have abundant clear cytoplasm, associated osteoclastic cells and reactive bone that can suggest osteosarcoma

Question 6

what is the pathophysiology of mesenchymal?

Answer 6

sheets of well differentiated hyaline cartilage with surrounding small round cells

Question 7

how does it clinically present?

Answer 7

axial skeleton and head and neck
locally invasive in bone and into muscle and fat

Question 8

how are they graded?

Answer 8

1-3
cellularity, cytological atypia and mitotic activity

Question 9

where do clear cells arise?

Answer 9

epiphyses of long tubular bones

Question 10

what is seen on x-ray?

Answer 10

reactive cortical thickening