Chinese Civil War Flashcards
Why was Mao’s warfare considered “Revolutionary Warfare” and what did it consist of? (Rogers and Thomas)
Imposition of ideology. Used base areas to educate about communist, used guerrilla tactics, protracted war, seizing power.
What was the 2nd United Front at the end of the 1st stage of the Chinese Civil War? How did it and the Sino-Japanese War affect the CCP and GMD? (Rogers and Thomas)
Alliance between GMD and CCP to fight Japanese. GMD leader Chiang Kai Shek waited to let the US take care of Japan, so he wasn’t as aggressive; lost popular support; major inflation; CCP seen as true “Nationalists”; Mao used ceasefire to train troops, peasants supported CCP, CCP numbers increased.
When did Mao declare the PRC? Describe the process for the CCP to win. (Rogers and Thomas)
Communists took back cities in Manchuria, used guerrilla tactics against isolated cities, Mao declared PRC Oct. 1949.
What was the role of foreign involvement in the Chinese Civil War? (Rogers and Thomas)
US gave aid to Nationalists/GMD and gave them weapons, not helpful because they couldn’t figure out the advanced tech. However, US withdrew support in 1948, contributed to downfall. USSR did not give money or military support to CCP because Stalin did not believe they could win; later saw Mao as rival communist leader. When Nationalists fled to Taiwan, US gave UN seat to Taiwan instead of PRC bc PRC victory seemed like victory for USSR.
What was the Dixie Mission?
The US sent a military group to China to survey the war situation; they reported that the communists were stronger and more likely to win; US fired them for “praising communism.”
What did historian Michael Lynch state?
“Economics was the only factor in the GMD downfall”
What did June Grasso state?
The communists got their chance because the GMD failed.
What/when was the Chinese Cultural Revolution? (Cult. Rev. packet)
Imposition of Mao Zedong thought upon the Chinese people to create a cult of personality around Mao and caused great persecution and even death for those who didn’t fully align or were suspects. Lasted 1966-76. It was responsible for some of the Party’s heaviest losses and setbacks.
