Chatpter 15 - Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

The most common solid renal mass found in childhood is:

A

Wilms Tumor aka Nephroblastoma

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2
Q

The sonographic appearance of tuberous sclerosis may be difficult to defferentiate from:

A

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

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3
Q

In cases of nephrocalcinosis, calcium deposits are usually located in the:

A

Medulla. Both kidneys are affected.

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4
Q

A posttransplant perinephric fluid collection includes all of the following except:
A. hematoma
B.Urinoma
C.Urterocele
D.Lymphocele

A

Ureterocele

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5
Q

A renal sonogram is performed. The finding of hypoechoic areas adjacent to the renal sinus is most consistent with:

A

Medullary pyramids

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6
Q

Papillary necrosis may develop within ______ after renal transplantation.
A. 4 to 8 weeks
B. days to years
C. 12 to 18 hours
D. weeks or months

A

Weeks or months

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7
Q

A common finding in people over 50 years of age is:

A

Renal cyst

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8
Q

Identify the type of hydronephrosis demonstrating dilation of the renal pelvis with thinning of the renal cortex.
A. grade 6
B. Grade 4
C. Grade 0
D. Grade 3

A

Grade 4

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9
Q

Renal vein thrombosis may be visualized in patients with:
A. Renal Calculi
B. Angiomyolipoma
C. Renal cell carcinoma
D. Pyelonephritis

A

Renal cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Ureteral jets are not visialzed in patients with:

A

Obstruction

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11
Q

What carries blood into the glomerulus of the nephron?

A

Afferent arteriole

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12
Q

What surrounds the network of cappilaries called glomerulus

A

Bowman’s capsule

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13
Q

What is the outer parenchyma of kidney that contains renal corpuscle and nephrons

A

Cortex

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14
Q

What is another term for renal fascia

A

Gerota’s fascia

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15
Q

What is the function unit of the kidney filtering blood and producing urine

A

Nephron

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16
Q

What is the area mid portion of the kidney that collects urine before entering the ureter

A

Renal pelvis

17
Q

What is the small, membranous canal that excretes urine from the urinary bladder

18
Q

What is the area of the kidney where vessels, ureter and lymphatics enter and exit

A

Renal hilum

19
Q

What is the portion of the renal tubule lying between the proximal and distal convoluted portions that dips down into the medulla

A

Loop of Henle

20
Q

What is the central area of the kidney that includes the clayces, renal pelvis, renal vessels, fat, nerves and lymphatics

A

Renal sinus

21
Q

What are the small vessels found at the base of the renal pyramids

A

Arcuate arteries

22
Q

What is the muscular retroperitoneal organ that serves as a reservoir for urine

23
Q

What are the network of capillaries that are part of the filtration process in the kidney

A

Glomerulus

24
Q

What is the right posterior subhepatic space located anterior to the kidney and inferior to the liver

A

Morrison’s Pouch

25
What is the maintenance of normal body physiology
Homeostasis
26
What is one of the several conical masses if tissue that force the kidney medulla; each consits of loops of henle and the collecting tubules
Renal pyramid
27
What is bands of cortical tissue that separate the renal pyramids; may mimic a renal mass on ultrasound: A. Ectopic kidney B. Column of bertin C. Dromeddary hump D. Urolithiasis
B. Column of bertin
28
What is the normal variant that occurs on the left kidney as a bulge on the lateral border: A. Renal agenesis B. renal capsule C. Dromedary hump D. Column of bertin
C. Dromedary hump
29
What is located outside of the normal position, most often in the pelvic cavity: A. Hydronephrosis B. Horseshoe kidney C. Urolithiasis D. Ectopic Kidney
D. Ectopic kidney
30
What is the congenital malformation in which both kidneys are joined by an isthmus most commonly joined at the inferior poles?
Horseshoe kidney
31
What is the dilation of the renal collecting system? A. Pyronephrosis B. Hydronephrosis C. Angiomyolipoma D. Cyst
B. Hydronephrosis
32
What is the interruption in the normal development of kidney resulting in absence of kidney; may be unilateral or bilateral A. Renal agenesis B. Ectopic kidney C. Horseshoe kidney D. Hydronephrosis
A. Renal agenesis
33
What is the first layer adjacent to the kidney that forms a tough, fibrous covering A. Renal capsule B. Urolithiasis C. Renal Agenesis
Renal Capsule
34
What is a stone within the urinary system? A. Simple cyst B. Urolithiasis C. Renal Calculi
Urolithiasis