chapters 3 and 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the sites of injury

A

back pain, neck pain, and upper back pain

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2
Q

causes of back pain

A

reaching out with one or both hands, twisting the trunk , lifting objects, moving the patient, writing electronic reports.

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3
Q

causes of upper backand neck pain

A

poor and awkward posure, or static posture

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4
Q

prevention for back and neck pain

A

maintain correct posure. taking short breaks,

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5
Q

signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal injury can be all of the following

A

decrease range, decrease grip strength, and burning sensation

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6
Q

the most affected body region which gets musculosketal injury in sonographers is..

A

the shoulder

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7
Q

a sonographer shoukd keep the angle between and the upper limb from

A

20 to 30 degree

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8
Q

osteoarthritis is one of the musculosketal which

A

is a degenerated disease

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9
Q

planter fascilites is a disease which can be prevented by

A

wearing supportive shoes

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10
Q

how shoukd ice packs be prepared

A

adding 1/3 of alcohol and 2/3 of water the

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11
Q

when you apply icing to a trauma you should apply the ice pack for __ minutes and rest for __ minutes

A

apply 15-20 mins and rest for 40 minutes

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12
Q

how long should you wait to apply hot packs to an injury

A

after 24 hours of on set of the pain

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13
Q

the best way to prevent work related injury is by using what rule

A

the 20-20-20 rule

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14
Q

what is the 20-20-20 rule

A

For every 20 min scanning, look 20 feet away for 20 sec.

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15
Q

the thoracic outlet syndrome is

A

a narrow passage crowded with nerves, blood vessels, and muscles.

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16
Q

what are the causes for thoracic outlet syndrome

A

congential, poor posure, trauma, or repetitive action

17
Q

the diagonsis in the thoracic outlet syndrome is between two major types what are they

A

Neurogenic and vascular

18
Q

neurogenic

A

is due to compression of the brachial plexus the main nerve plexus which gives nerve supply to the upper limb

19
Q

vascular

A

subclavian artery is compressed

20
Q

what is Bursitis

A

Bursitis is the inflammation of the bursae. Movement of a tendon or muscle on the inflamed bursae aggravate the inflammation.

21
Q

what is Tendonitis

A

Is inflammation of a muscle tendon.

22
Q

what is Tenosynovitis

A

Tenosynovitis is the inflammation of the fluid-filled sheath that surrounds a tendon, typically leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness.

23
Q

what is De Quervain disease

A

is a painful wrist condition that affects the tendons on the thumb side of the wrist

24
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

The most common nerve entrapment syndrome, it entraps the nine tendons and the median nerve.

25
Q

Carpal Tunnel syndrome

A

The most common nerve entrapment syndrome, it entraps the nine tendons and the median nerve.

26
Q

Epicondylitis

A

Is caused by strain on the muscles of the forearm and their tendons which are attached to the epicondyles.

27
Q

Lateral epicondyles are also known as

A

“tennis elbow”.

28
Q

Medial epicondylitis is known as

A

“golfers elbow”

29
Q

what is another word for Osteoarthritis

A

‘wear and tear”

30
Q

Tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

is a narrow space that lies on the inside of the ankle next to ankle bones. Within the tunnel lies the posterior tibial nerve.

31
Q

what are Upper extremities

A

Shoulder•Rotator cuff•Biceps•Elbow•Wrist•Fingers

32
Q

Lower extremities

A

Leg•Knee•Ankle•foot

33
Q

Eustress

A

positive stress

34
Q

Hyperstress

A

negative stress

35
Q

Hypostress

A

is not stress at all