CHAPTER KEY TERMS - OTHER TERMS Flashcards
ABDUCTION
THE PROCESS OF PROPOSING A LIKELY EXPLANATION FOR AN EVENT THAT MUST BE TESTED.
ABSOLUTE JUDGEMENT
WHEN EYEWITNESSES COMPARE EACH PHOTOGRAPH OR PERSON IN A LINEYP ONLY WITH THEIR MEMORY OF WHAT THE OFFENDER LOOKED LIKE.
AQCUAINTANCE STALKING
WHEN A STALKER AND VICTIM KNOW EACH OTHER CAUSLLY
ACCELERANT
ANY SUBSTANCE THAT CAN BOND OR MIX TO INCREASE THE SPEED OF THE PROCESS. USED IN ARSON
ACUTE MALTREATMENT
WHEN A CHILDS DEATH IS DIRECTLY RELATED TO INJURIES SUFFERED AS A RESULT OF A SPECIFIC INCIDENT OR ABUSE OR ACT OF NEGLIGENCE
ADMISSION
A SELF INCRIMINATING STATEMENT MADE BY A SUSPECT THAT FALLS SHORT OF AN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF GUILT
ACCIDENTAL DEATH
DEATH OF A PERSON THAT IS UNINTENTIONAL.\
ACCUSATORY
TO ASSERT ONES INVOLVEMENT OR ROLE IN AN EVENT
ACQUAINTANCE MOLESTATION
THE SEXUAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN BY PERSONS KNOWN TO THEM
ACUTE NEGLECT
TERM COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH CHILD ABUSE WHEN A PERPETRATOR IS RESPONSIBLE TO PROVIDE CARE FOR A VICTIM WHO IS UNABLE TO CARE FOR HIMSELF , BUT FAILS TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE CARE.
ADMISSION
A SELF INCRIMINATING STATEMENT MADE BY A SUSPECT THAT FALLS SHORT OF AN ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF GUILT
AFIS SYSTEM
THE AUTOMATED FINGERPRINT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
AGGRAVATED ARSON
THE DELIBERATE BURNING OF PROPERTY WHILE CREATING AN IMMINENT DANGER TO HUMAN LIFE OR RISKING GREAT BODILY HARM
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
A PERSONAL CRIME ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH PROBABILITY OF DEATH, SERIOUS PERMANENT DISFIGUREMENT, PERMANENT OR PROTRACTED LOSS OR IMPAIRMENT OF THE FUNCTION OF ANY BODY MEMBER OR ORGAN, OR OTHER SEVERE BODILY HARM
ALCOHOLIC ROBBER
A CRIMINAL ROBBER WHOSE JUDGEMENT IS IMPAIRED BY THE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL
ALLIGATORING
THE PATTERN OF CREVICES FORMED BY THE BURNING OF A WODDEN STRUCTURE
AMBER ALERT
A SYSTEM THAT QUICKLY POSTS INFORMATION ABOUT CHILD ABDUCTIONS
AMINO BLACK PROTEIN
A LIQUID SUBSTANCE USED IN TO STAIN FOR TOTAL PROTEIN ON TRANSFERRED MEMBRANE BLOTS. IT IS TYPICALLY USED IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS TO DETECT BLOOD PRESENT WITH LATENT FINGERPRINTS.
ANALYSIS
A SCIENTIFIC EXAMINATION.
ANGER RAPIST
GENERAL CATEGORY INCLUDING THE ANGER RETALIATORY RAPIST AND THE ANGER EXCITATION RAPIST
ANTICIPATORY SEARCH WARRANT
A SEARCH WARRANT ISSUED BEFORE THE EVIDENCE IS ACTUALLY KNOWN TO EXIST BUT IS ANTICIPATED TO EXIST.
ARREST
THE ACT OF A POLICE OFFICER TAKING A PERSON INTO CUSTODY AFTER MAKING A DETERMINATION THAT HE HAS VIOLATED A CRIME
ARSON
THE MALICIOUS OR FRAUDULENT BURNING OF PROPERTY
ASSAULT
TO INTENTIONALLY PUT SOMEONE IN FEAR OF IMMEDIATE BATTERY OR TO THREATEN SOMEONE WHILE HAVING THE APPARENT ABILITY TO CARRY OUT THAT THREAT
ASSET FORFEITURE
CONFISCATION OF ASSETS WHICH ARE EITHER ALLEGED PROCEEDS OF A CRIME OR ALLEGED INSTRUMENTALITIES OF CRIME
- ASSOCIATIVE EVIDENCE
EVIDENCE THAT LINKS A SUSPECT WITH A CRIME
ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE
INFORMATION AND DATA OF INVESTIGATIVE VALUE THAT IS STORED IN OR TRANSMITTED BY AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE
ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE
THE MONITORING OF THE BEHAVIOR, ACTIVITIES, OR OTHER CHANGING INFORMATION, USUALLY OF PEOPLE FOR THE PURPOSE OF INFLUENCING, MANAGING, DIRECTING, OR PROTECTING.
ELEMENTS OF A CRIME
THE LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A CRIME
ELIMINATION SAMPLES
EVIDENCE USED TO ELIMINATE PERSONS AS SUSPECTS
ENTRAPMENT
WHEN AN UNDERCOVER OFFICER CONVINCES A CRIMINAL SUSPECT TO COMMIT A CRIME HE OR SHE WAS NOT PREDISPOSED TO COMMIT
EVENT FLOW ANALYSIS
A PROCESS WHEREBY EVENTS ARE DOCUMENTED, THEY ARE CONNECTED BY ARROWS TO INDICATE THE DIRECTION OF THE SEQUENCE
EVIDENCE
A STATEMENT , OBJECT, OR OTHER ITEM BEARING ON OR ESTABLISHING THE POINT IN QUESTION IN A COURT OF LAW.
EXEMPLARS
SAMPLES OF A SUSPECTS HANDWRITING
EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES
CIRCUMSTANCES WHEREBY A SEARCH MAY BE LEGALLY CONDUCTED WITHOUT A WARRANT
EXPERT SYSTEMS
A PROCESS OF USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGQNCE BY COMPUTERS TO MAKE INFERENCES BASED ON AVAILABLE INFO AND TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS OR MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE SYSTEMS OPERATOR
EXPERT WITNESS
A WITNESS WHOSE KNOWLEDGE EXCEEDS THE KNOWLEDGE OF ANYONE WITH A MODERATE EDUCATION OR EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD
EXPLOITATION
COMMONLY USED IN CONTEXT WITH SEXUAL EXPLOITATION, WHICH IS THE USE OF SEXUAL MATERIAL THAT FOCUSSES ON A PARTICULAR PERSON WHO IS AN UNWILLING CONTRIBUTER.
HARDWARE
THE PHYSICAL. COMPUTER AND ANY PERIPHERALS SSOCIATED WITH IT, SUCH AS PRINTERS, ETC
HAWALA
AN INFORMAL VALUE TRANSFER SYSTEM BASED ON THE PERFORMANCE AND HONOR OF A HUGE NETWORK OF MONEY BROKERS, WHICH ARE PRIMARILY LOCATED IN THE MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA, THE HORN OF AFTICA, AND SOUTH ASIA
WILLIAM HERSCHEL
PIONEER IN THE MID NINETEENTH CENTURY IN THE USE OF FINGERPRINTS FOR PURPOSES OF IDENTIFICATION
HOLDUP
THE CRIME OF TAKING OR ATTEMPTING TO TAKE SOMETHING OF VALUE BY FORCE OR THREAT OF FORCE OR BY PUTTING THE VICTIM IN FEAR.