Chapter Humanbody

Question 0

What’s in a bone?

Answer 0

3 layers! -hard covering of compact bone, includes the minerals calcium and phosphorus

          - spongy tissue
          - bone marrow

Question 1

Give the scientific name for these common bones names ? Skull,collar bone, lower jaw, breast bone, funny bone, ribs, pelvic girdle, thigh bone , knee cap, shin bone and spine!

Answer 1

Cranium, clavicle, mandible, sternum, humorous, ribs, pelvic girdle, femur, patella, tibia and vertebrae!

Question 2

Why do you need your skeleton?

Answer 2

• It forms a frame which gives your body it’s basic shape.
• They protect your internal organs
• With the help of your muscles they enable you to move

Without your skeleton you would be a jelly-like blob.

Question 3

What is the Harding of the bones called as you get older?

Answer 3

Ossification.

Question 4

Explain “Greenstick fracture”?

And why is it common in children?

Answer 4

A Greenstick fracture is when the bone cracks but does not break!
Greenstick fractures are more common in children because their bone are more flexible!

Question 5

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 5

Osteoporosis is a loss of bone mass that cause them to become lighter, more fragile and easily broken.

Question 6

What are Ligaments?

Answer 6

Bone are held together by bundles of strong fibres

Question 7

What is Cartilage?

What does Cartilage cover?

Answer 7

Cartilage is very soft and rubbery, not as hard and solid as bone.

The Cartilage covers the ends of each bone.

Question 8

With the help of the Cartilage and what, else helps bones from scrapping against each other?

Answer 8

Together, the Cartilage and Synovial Fluid stop the bones from scrapping against each other.

Question 9

What is a Joint?

Answer 9

The region where two or more bones meet!

Question 10

• What joint is the Knee and Elbow?
• What joint is the Hip and Shoulder?
• What is the joint between your skull and spine?

Answer 10

•The knee and elbow are Hinge Joints!
•The hip and shoulder are Ball and
Socket Joints!
•The joint between your skull and spine is a pivot joint!

Question 11

What movement do the following joints allow -Hinge joint

               - Ball and Socket joint
               - Pivot joint

Answer 11

Hinge joints allow movement in only one direction

Ball and Socket joints allow movement in many directions

Pivot joint allows a twisting type of movement

Question 12

Explain Immovable joints? What is their job? And give an example.

Answer 12

Immovable joints, while not allowing movement, provide a thin layer of soft tissue between bones. Their job is to a absorb enough energy from a severe knock to prevent the bone from breaking! An example of an immovable joint are the plates of your skull

Question 13

Do muscles pull or push?

Answer 13

Muscles pull on bones by “contracting” or shortening. Muscles never push.

Question 14

Are muscles directly attached to bones?

Answer 14

Yes, they are connected by bundles of fibre called “tendons”. Tendons do not contract and relax like muscles do.

Question 15

Explain involuntary muscles, and give an example?

Explain voluntary muscles, and give an example?

Answer 15

Involuntary muscles work with lout you having to think- your heart.

Voluntary muscles are connected to your bones you have to think or choose to use them- pretty much all skeletal muscle

Question 16

What is Asthma?

Answer 16

Asthma is a narrowing of the air pipes. It is the result of sensitive airways this happens when these airways are triggered. The suffer has difficulty in breathing.

Question 17

Asthma medication?

Answer 17

Asthma medications can be divided into two main groups, Preventers and Relievers. Preventers make the lining of the airway less sensitive and therefore less likely to be triggered. Relievers open up the airway once and attack has commenced. Most asthma medications are applied with inhalers are puffers, which direct the medication straight into the tubes for fast action. Severe attacks of asthma require other drugs and sometimes extra oxygen needs to be supplied.

Question 18

Explain Tennis Elbow?

Answer 18

Tennis Elbow is caused when the lining of the elbow joints swells and produces is too much synovial fluid.

Question 19

Explain Torn Hamstrings?

Answer 19

Torn hamstrings are a common sporting injury. A sudden start or turn in sport often stretches the hamstring muscle too far. Proper warming up for strenuous sporting activities is one way of reducing chances of tearing a muscle.

Question 20

Explain Sprains?

Answer 20

Sprains occur when ligaments joining bones at a joints are torn or stretched.

Question 21

Explain Arthritis?

Answer 21

Arthritis is a swelling of the joints which make movement difficult arthro means joint. The Cartilage gradually breaks down allowing bare bones to grate against each other instead of sliding or turning smoothly.

Question 22

What are the “Triggers” of asthma?

Answer 22

• Vigorous exercise
• Cold weather
• Cigarette smoke
• Air pollution
• Pollen
• Some animals
• Some foods and food additives
• Dust and dust mites
• Moulds

Question 23

Asthma medication?

Answer 23

Asthma medication can be divided into two main groups preventers and relievers.
Preventers make the lining of the air ways less sensitive therefore less likely to be triggered.
Relievers opened up the air way once an attack has commenced.

Question 24

Most asthma medications are applied with…

Answer 24

Inhalers or puffers, which direct the medication straight into the air tubes for fast action.

Question 25

Severe attacks of asthma require…

Answer 25

Other drugs and sometimes extra oxygen needs to be supplied.