Chapter E

Question 1

— science that identifies matter & investigates its properties & how they act.
— study of substances (especially their structure, composition, properties, & transformations.

Answer 1

Chemistry

Question 2

— the physical matter of the universe
— anything that occupies space.

Answer 2

Matter

Question 3

— matter that has a fixed composition & distinct properties.

*cannot be separated into several different substances.
*every substance has a unique set of properties.

Answer 3

Pure Substances

Question 4

— can measure without changing the basic identity of the substance.

Answer 4

Physical Properties

Question 5

— manner in which a substance may change (react) to form other substances.

Answer 5

Chemical Properties

Question 6

— tendency of substance to burn in presence of oxygen.

Answer 6

Flammability

Question 7

— combination of 2 or more pure substances in which each substance returns as chemical identity

*separated by physical means

Answer 7

Mixture

Question 8

— does NOT have the same composition & properties throughout.

Answer 8

Heterogeneous Mixture

Question 9

— uniform composition throughout

Answer 9

Homogeneous Mixture (Solutions)

Question 10

— substances that cannot be decomposed by chemical means.
— basic substances from which other matter is composed
*118 basic ____

Answer 10

Elements

Question 11

— can be decomposed by chemical means into 2 or more elements.

Answer 11

Compound

Question 12

— composition of pure compound is always the same

Answer 12

Law of Constant Composition

Question 13

— many properties of matter are quantitative
*have #’s & units associated

Answer 13

Measurements

Question 14

—international system used by scientists
*measured in SI System Units

Answer 14

Metric System

Question 15

— Length of chemical bonds

Answer 15

Angstrom

Question 16

— assumes the existence of an absolute zero at -273.15 degrees Celsius

Answer 16

Kelvin (K)

Question 17

— H2O Freezing point @ 32 degrees
— H2O Boiling point @ 212 degrees

Answer 17

Fahrenheit (F)

Question 18

— H2O Freezing point @ 0 degrees
— H2O Boiling point @ 100 degrees

Answer 18

Celsius (C)

Question 19

= 9/5(C) + 32

Answer 19

Fahrenheit

Question 20

= (F-32) / 9/5

Answer 20

Celsius

Question 21

= C + 273.15

Answer 21

Kelvin

Question 22

— Length in all dimensions (LWH)
*units: m^3
*dm^3 = 1 liter

Answer 22

Volume

Question 23

Mass/volume
*kg/m^3
*g/cm^3 or g/mL or kg/L

Answer 23

Density

Question 24

Density Properties

Answer 24

1) Intensive
2) Extensive

Question 25

— does NOT depend on the amount of the substance
ex) density, temperature, etc.

Answer 25

Intensive Property

Question 26

— does depend on the amount of the substance
ex) volume, mass, etc.

Answer 26

Extensive Property

Question 27

— defined error
ex) 1 yard = 3ft
ex) 1 dozen = 12 items
ex) 1 ft = 12 in

Answer 27

Exact #s

Question 28

— measured error
*Always some uncertainty *

Answer 28

Inexact #s

Question 29

— measure of reproducibility
ex) watch ticking repeatedly

Answer 29

Precision

Question 30

— Closeness to a true (or accepted) standard
ex) How closely the watch is to an actual second

Answer 30

Accuracy