Chapter 9 - Cell Metabolism Flashcards
Life is work
Energy flows into an ecosystem as sunlight and
leaves as heat
Photosynthesis generates O2 and organic
molecules, which are used in cellular respiration
Cells use chemical energy stored in organic
molecules to generate ATP, which powers work
What’s the basic process of cellular respiration?
Light produces energy via photosynthesis in the chloroplasts
Cells use organic molecules + O2
create ATP in the Mitochondria
Energy released as heat
Expel H20 and C02 which is cycled back into the ecosystem
Catabolic pathways essential for respiration
Catabolic pathways yield energy
by oxidizing organic fuels
Catabolic pathways release stored energy by
breaking down complex molecules
This is done via electron transfer
exergonic reactions
the breakdown of organic molecules in the cell
Fermentation
partial degradation of sugars
that occurs without O2
Aerobic respiration
consumes organic molecules
and O2 and yields ATP
Anaerobic
consumes compounds other than O2
Cellular respiration
Includes both aerobic and anaerobic, but usually used to refer to aerobic processes
Cellular respiration formula
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy (ATP + heat)
redox reactions
Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between
reactants
transfer of electrons releases energy that is used to synthesize ATP
oxidation
a substance loses electrons,
or is oxidized
reduction
substance gains electrons, or is reduced
the amount of positive charge is reduced
reducing agent
The electron donor
oxidizing agent
the one whom receives the electron
Cellular respiration redox process
During cellular respiration, the fuel
(such as glucose) is oxidized (becomes 6CO2), and
O2 is reduced (H20)
