Chapter 8 Powerpoint pt. 2

Question 1

True or False: Vigilante justice is encouraged.

Answer 1

False; Vigilante justice is discouraged.

Question 2

What are the seven elements of Self-Defense?

Answer 2

(1) Reasonable Belief
(2) Necessity
(3) Proportionality
(4) Retreat
(5) Aggressor
(6) Mistake
(7) Imperfect Self-Defense

Question 3

__________ _______ – an individual must possess a reasonable belief that force is required to defend himself or herself.

Answer 3

Reasonable belief

Question 4

________– the defender must reasonably believe that force is required to prevent the imminent and unlawful infliction of death or serious bodily harm

Answer 4

Necessity

Question 5

____________ – the force employed must not be excessive or more than is required under the circumstances

Answer 5

Proportionality

Question 6

_______– a defendant may not resort to deadly force if he or she can safely retreat, but this is generally not a requirement when the attack happens in the home, the workplace, or if the attacker uses deadly force.

Answer 6

Retreat

Question 7

__________– an individual who unlawfully initiates force, generally, is not entitled to self-defense unless the initial force is not considered deadly force, but was met with deadly force.

Answer 7

Aggressor

Question 8

________– an individual who is mistaken concerning the necessity for self-defense may rely on the defense so long as his or her belief is reasonable

Answer 8

Mistake

Question 9

__________ _____-_______ – an individual who honestly, but unreasonably, believes that he or she confronts a situation calling for self-defense and intentionally kills is held liable in many states for an intentional killing. Other states argue that although the defendant cannot be acquitted, he or she should only be liable for the less serious crime of manslaughter

Answer 9

Imperfect self-defense

Question 10

What are the two standards for self-defense?

Answer 10

(1) Subjective

(2) Objective

Question 11

Is this subjective or objective standard for self-defense: defendant must demonstrate an honest belief that he or she confronted an imminent attack?

Answer 11

Subjective

Question 12

Is this subjective or objective standard for self-defense: defendant must demonstrate that a reasonable person under the same circumstances would have believed that he or she confronted an imminent attack?

Answer 12

Objective

Question 13

_____-________= reasonable belief + immediately necessary + to employ proportionate force + to protect oneself against unlawful force

Answer 13

Self-Defense

Question 14

Self-Defense= __________ ______ + immediately necessary + to employ proportionate force + to protect oneself against unlawful force

Answer 14

reasonable belief

Question 15

Self-Defense= reasonable belief + __________ _________ + to employ proportionate force + to protect oneself against unlawful force

Answer 15

immediately necessary

Question 16

Self-Defense= reasonable belief + immediately necessary + to employ ____________ ______ + to protect oneself against unlawful force

Answer 16

proportionate force

Question 17

Self-Defense= reasonable belief + immediately necessary + to employ proportionate force + to protect oneself against _______ ______

Answer 17

unlawful force

Question 18

Model Penal Code adopts a ________ approach, but is adopted by very few courts because it does not employ the __________ _______ standard.

Answer 18

subjective

reasonable person

Question 19

______ ______ ______ adopts a subjective approach, but is adopted by very few courts because it does not employ the reasonable person standard.

Answer 19

Model Penal Code

Question 20

What happened in People v. Goetz?

Answer 20

• The defendant, Bernhard Goetz, was both vilified and exalted in the press and in public opinion.
• The defense of justification which permits the use of deadly physical force is not a purely subjective standard; the actor must not only have the subjective belief that deadly physical force is necessary, but those beliefs must also be objectively reasonable.
• The mere appearance of perjured testimony given before the Grand Jury is not sufficient to sustain a dismissal of an indictment.

Question 21

_________-the harm “is about to happen.”

Answer 21

Imminence

Question 22

What are the three components of imminence?

Answer 22

(1) Resolution of disputes
(2) Last resort
(3) Evidence

Question 23

___________ __ _______ – the law encourages the peaceful resolution of disputes where possible

Answer 23

Resolution of disputes

Question 24

_____ ______ – individuals should only resort to self-help where strictly required

Answer 24

Last resort

Question 25

_______– the existence of a clear and measureable threat provides confidence that the defendant is acting out of self-defense rather than out of a desire to punish the assailant or to seek revenge

Answer 25

Evidence

Question 26

What happened in the State v. Norman case?

Answer 26

• Judy Ann Laws Norman (Defendant), shot and killed Mr. Norman while he slept after Mr. Norman had beaten the Defendant on the day in question.
• Mr. Norman also had a history of beating the Defendant.
• The killing of a passive victim does not prevent the defense of self-defense.

Question 27

True or False: non-deadly force can be met with excessive force.

Answer 27

False; non-deadly force cannot be met with excessive force

Question 28

_______ _____ is force that a reasonable person under the circumstanced would be aware will cause or create a substantial risk of death or substantial bodily harm.

Answer 28

Deadly force

Question 29

Stand your ground rule, negates the requirement to _______, but is only adopted by few courts.

Answer 29

retreat

Question 30

True or False: Stand your ground rule is only adopted by a few courts.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

_____ ____ ______ _____, negates the requirement to retreat, but is only adopted by few courts.

Answer 31

Stand your ground rule

Question 32

An aggressor employing non-deadly force must clearly abandon the struggle and it must be a ___________ ___ ______ ______ to regain the right to self-defense, rather than a tactical retreat where an individual retreats with the intent of continuing the hostilities

Answer 32

withdrawal in good faith

Question 33

An aggressor employing non-deadly force must clearly abandon the struggle and it must be a withdrawal in good faith to regain the right to self-defense, rather than a _______ _______ where an individual retreats with the intent of continuing the hostilities

Answer 33

tactical retreat

Question 34

_______ ________ provides that individuals inside the home are justified in “holding their ground” and need not retreat

Answer 34

Castle Doctrine

Question 35

What happened in the U.S. v Peterson case?

Answer 35

• Bennie L. Peterson (Defendant), was convicted by jury of manslaughter for the killing of Charles Keitt.
• The Defendant walked to a point in his yard and threatened to kill Keitt if he came into his yard.
• Keitt then returned to his car, retrieved a lug wrench, and advanced toward the defendant with the wrench in a raised position.
• The Defendant warned Keitt to stop, but he continued onward.
• The Defendant shot Keitt in the face from a distance of about ten feet.