Chapter 8- Life Cycle Assessment

Question 1

What is the Approach of the Life Cycle Assessment

Answer 1

Determine and Assess the env. aspects and potential env. impacts of a product
consider the whole life cycle

Question 2

What are the Aims of a Life Cycle Assessment

Answer 2

Find potential for env. performance enhancements
info for decision makers
selection of env. indicators

Question 3

What are the four main Areas of a products life

Answer 3

raw material exploitation
manufacturing
product use
end of life

Question 4

what does cradle to gate mean

Answer 4

material exploitation and manufacturing

Question 5

what does gate to gate mean

Answer 5

that is just manufacturing

Question 6

what iso is the LCA

Answer 6

iso 14040

Question 7

what is part of the goal and scope definition of a Life cycle assessment

Answer 7

define the aim, the intended purpose, reasons for the study, the targeted audience

REDO THIS

Question 8

What are the Input-related impact categories?

Answer 8

• Extraction of abiotic resources
• Extraction of biotic resources
• Land use

Question 9

What are the Output-related impact categories?

Answer 9

• Climate change
• Ozone depletion
• Human toxicity
• Ecotoxicitiy
• Formation of photooxidants
• Acidification
• Eutrophication

Question 10

What is the difference between Goals and Scope in the first step of the Life Cycle Assessment

Answer 10

goals= purpose, reasons for study, target audience

scope= functional unit(1l of drink)
system boundarid (cradle to grave)
what to exclude (packagin of ingredients)

Question 11

Aim of Inventory Analysis?

Answer 11

The determine input and output flows of energy and materials by measurements, calculation or estimation

Question 12

example for goals (synoymous for research aim)

Answer 12

the three goals were find the “hotspots” of the impacts, which resulted in the packaging making the highest impact, and sugar (ingredients) the second highest impact)

another one of the goals was find how much impact each type of packaging makes(turns out glass) (and PET is the best)

third goal was estimate impacts of whole sector

Question 13

scope

Answer 13

functional unit(1l of drink, total annual production) and system boundaries (cradle to grave, what is excluded)

Question 14

What are some things that go into the inventory analysis

Answer 14

primary pagaging, secondary packaging, electricity used in manufacturing and iflling bottles

Question 15

main criticisms of inventory analysis

Answer 15

inhomogenuse data and the origin of the data is not transparent

Question 16

what is vertical analysis vs horizontal analysis for the inventory analysis

Answer 16

vertical = production, distribution, transport, and use(life cycle 4 things)
horizontal = categories and indicators to be used at each step, like air and water impacts, raw material, wastes , or energy

Question 17

impact assessment what do you do

Answer 17

take the damage categories and input and output related impact categories and look at those

Question 18

example of our coca cola impact assessment topics

Answer 18

the CO2 emisions of glass, aluminium for packaging, ingredients, waste , and other impacts like toxicity or global warming potential

Question 19

what do you do in the interpretation step

Answer 19

you evaluate if youre three steps are complete, consistent and if you missed anything, if the boundaries were apporpriate or just convenient, if data was good quality, if functional unit was appropriate and not just convenient, and conclution and recommendation

Question 20

what is expediency

Answer 20

being convenient and practical despite possibly being improper or immoral; convenience