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Medical Terminology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

an/o

A

anus, ring

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2
Q

chol/e

A

bile or gall

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3
Q

cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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4
Q

col/o

A

colon, large intestine

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5
Q

colon/o

A

colon, large intestine

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6
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

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7
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

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8
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

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9
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach, belly

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10
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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11
Q

-lithiasis

A

presence of stones

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12
Q

-pepsia

A

digest, digestion

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13
Q

-phagia

A

eating, swallowing

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14
Q

proct/o

A

rectum, anus

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15
Q

rect/o

A

rectum, straight

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16
Q

sigmoid/o

A

sigmoid colon

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17
Q

aerophagia

A

the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking, and is a common cause of gas in the stomach

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18
Q

anastamosis

A

a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures; plural, anastamoses

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19
Q

antiemetic

A

medication administered to prevent or relieve nausea or vomiting

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20
Q

apthous ulcers

A

gray-white pits with a red border that appear in the soft tissues lining the mouth; also known as canker sores or mouth ulcers

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21
Q

ascites

A

an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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22
Q

bariatrics

A

the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of obesity and associated diseases

23
Q

borborygmus

A

the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine

24
Q

cachexia

A

a condition of physical wasting away due to the loss of weight and muscle mass that occurs in patients with diseases such as advanced cancer or AIDS

25
Q

celiac disease

A

an inherited autoimmune disorder characterized by a severe reaction to food containing gluten; also known as gluten intolerance

26
Q

cheilosis

A

a disorder of the lips characterized by cracklike sores at the corner of the mouth

27
Q

cholangiography

A

a radiographic examination of the bile ducts with the use of a contrast medium

28
Q

cholangitis

A

an acute inflammation of the bile duct characterized by pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice

29
Q

cholecystectomy

A

the surgical removal of the gallbladder

30
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder; usually associated with gallstones

31
Q

choledocholithotomy

A

an incision into the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones

32
Q

cholelithiasis

A

the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder or bile ducts

33
Q

cirrhosis

A

a progressive degenerative disease of the liver characterized by scarring

34
Q

colonoscopy

A

the direct visual examination of the inner surface of the entire colon, from the rectum to the cecum

35
Q

colostomy

A

the surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

36
Q

Chron’s disease

A

a chronic autoimmune disorder than can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, however it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon

37
Q

dental prophylaxis

A

the professional cleaning of the teeth to remove plaque and calculus

38
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation or infection of one or more diverticula in the colon

39
Q

diverticulosis

A

the chronic presence of an abnormal number of diverticula in the colon

40
Q

dyspepsia

A

pain or discomfort in digestion; also known as indigestion

41
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing

42
Q

enema

A

the placement of a solution into the rectum and colon to empty the lower intestine through bowel activity

43
Q

enteritis

A

inflammation of the small intestine caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with viral or bacterial pathogens

44
Q

eructation

A

the act of belching or raising gas orally from the stomach

45
Q

esophageal varices

A

enlarged and swollen veins at the lower end of the esophagus

46
Q

esohpagogastroduodenoscopy

A

an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract; this includes the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum

47
Q

gastroduodenostomy

A

the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum

48
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus; also known as GERD

49
Q

gastrostomy tube

A

the surgical placement of a feeding tube from the exterior of the body directly into the stomach

50
Q

hematemesis

A

the vomiting of blood

51
Q

hemoccult test

A

a laboratory test for hidden blood in the stools; also known as fecal occult blood test

52
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver usually caused by a viral infection

53
Q

herpes labialis

A

blisterlike sores on the lips and adjacent tissue caused by the oral herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1); also known as cold sores or fever blisters

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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