Chapter 8

Question 0

the dominant parties in the political landscape; current ones are Democratic and Republican

Answer 0

major parties

Question 1

groups that advance certain political goals and gains power by winning elections

Answer 1

political parties

Question 2

smaller political parties usually organized around a particular issue

Answer 2

minor parties

Question 3

also called minor parties

Answer 3

third parties

Question 4

to name candidates for public office

Answer 4

nominate

Question 5

strong devotion to a political party

Answer 5

partisanship

Question 6

a political system dominated by two major parties

Answer 6

two-party system

Question 7

legislative districts from which only one representative is chosen

Answer 7

single member district

Question 8

the largest number of votes cast for a candidate or a bill

Answer 8

plurality

Question 9

two major parties working together to support an issue

Answer 9

bipartisan

Question 10

formal statement of a party’s position on current issues; drafted at a party’s national convention

Answer 10

party platform

Question 11

a political philosophy that seeks through government action to change the political, economic, and social status quo and to encourage the development and well-being of the individual

Answer 11

liberal

Question 12

a political philosophy that defends against major changes by the government to the political, economic, and social institutions of society, but rather seeks non-bureaucratic solutions to political issues

Answer 12

conservative

Question 13

political system in which several parties compete for public office and majority support

Answer 13

multiparty system

Question 14

a temporary alliance of several groups

Answer 14

coalition

Question 15

an assembly of political party representatives at the national, state, or country level for the purpose of establishing a platform, electing party leadership, and nominating candidates

Answer 15

convention

Question 16

historically, the representatives at the Constitutional convention; party representatives

Answer 16

delegates

Question 17

a small meeting of a political party’s top leaders and legislators in congress to select part nominees

Answer 17

caucus

Question 18

the practice of giving government jobs to friends and supporters

Answer 18

patronage

Question 19

also called patronage

Answer 19

spoils system

Question 20

organized effort by a political party of candidate to attract voter support in an election

Answer 20

political campaign

Question 21

an electrion prior to the general election in which voters select the cndidates who will run on each party’s ticket

Answer 21

primary

Question 22

a state-run or state-regulated election for the purpose of selecting the party nominee for most local, state, and national offices

Answer 22

nominating primary

Question 23

a primary election in which voters indicate their preference for their party’s presidential candidate and elect state party delegates to represent their choice at the national convention

Answer 23

presidential primary

Question 24

government system in which only one political party is allowed and a select few from that party rule the country using a centralized bureaucracy and an effective police force

Answer 24

one-party system

Question 25

generally concentrates on strengthening national ties to the state organizations and thereby building a more unified party

Answer 25

Republican National Committee (RNC)

Question 26

places more emphasis on presidential politics and has been less effective at building strong state organizations

Answer 26

Democratic National Committee (DNC)

Question 27

units into which cities are often divided for city council elections and then further divided into precincts

Answer 27

wards

Question 28

smallest units of election districts and party administration

Answer 28

precinct

Question 29

a group of individuals that share like opinions on a political issue or group of issues and that unite in some organization to influence government officials and further their views; also known as pressure groups

Answer 29

interest groups

Question 30

voters who have no party affiliation

Answer 30

independent voters

Question 31

voting for candidates of both parties for different offices

Answer 31

ticket splitting

Question 32

the behaviors and policies of the party in power are carefully watched over and reported on

Answer 32

watchdogs

Question 33

Who were the two first political parties in America?

Answer 33

Federalists and Anti-Federalists (Republicans)

Question 34

From the time of Andrew Jackson to the Civil war, which two political parties were in power?

Answer 34

Whigs (elites) and the Democratic-Republicans

Question 35

Who are the two major parties that are in power from the Civil War to today?

Answer 35

Democrats and Republicans

Question 36

DT commented that people with opposing viewpoints could separate into political parties or what else?

Answer 36

separate nations

Question 37

DT stated that the type of political parties he finds more successful are ones that cling to ____________, rather than to consequences.

Answer 37

principles

Question 38

DT noted that political parties who strive toward noble ideals are willing to speak in what manner?

Answer 38

"to general, and not to especial cases; to ideas and not to men" (to general ideas and not to special cases)

Question 39

DT noted that minor parties are deficient in what area?

Answer 39

political faith

Question 40

After the War of Independence from England, DT noted that the two political parties were not violent toward one another and that both agreed upon what two moral principles of high order?

Answer 40

independence (liberty) and equality

Question 41

DT stated that the party that desired to limit the power of the people and which endeavored to apply its doctrines more especially to the Constitution was known as the _______________ party.

Answer 41

Federalist

Question 42

DT stated that the party that affected to be exclusively attached to the cause of liberty was known as the ___________.

Answer 42

Republican

Question 43

Which of the two parties that DT noted that were "always in the minority" but could "reckon on their side almost all of the great men whom the War of Independence has produces" and thus benefitted with American leaderahip for the first twelve years?

Answer 43

Federalists

Question 44

In 1801, the other party gained control of the presidency under whom?

Answer 44

Thomas Jefferson

Question 45

What did DT state was the lasting monument of the original ruling party?

Answer 45

The Constitution

Question 46

Did DT believe there were great parties in the US at the time of his writing?

Answer 46

No

Question 47

DT stated that the parties he witnessed while travelling in America were not based upon principles, but rather upon what?

Answer 47

temporal interests

Question 48

DT stated that there were two great divisions which have always existed in free communities, what are the two divisions?

Answer 48

to limit and to extend the popular authority (liberty and equality)

Question 49

DT stated that there were two chief weapons used by parties in order to obtain success, what were the two weapons?

Answer 49

the public press & the formation of associations

Question 50

What is the three-step process that a political aspirant will go through in order to usher in the new party into the political world?

Answer 50

1. by discerning his own interests 2. by calculating upon those interests which may be collected around and amalgamated with it 3. by contriving to find some doctrine that may suit the purposes of the new association

Question 51

What type of system is common among European democracies?

Answer 51

multiparty system

Question 52

What is another name for minor party?

Answer 52

third party

Question 53

What party has won most of the presidential elections since 1954?

Answer 53

Republican

Question 54

Voting for candidates from both parties is called what?

Answer 54

ticket splitting

Question 55

Political parties are distinguished from groups in that political parties gain power by doing what?

Answer 55

winning elections

Question 56

What is the major purpose of a political party?

Answer 56

to nominate

Question 57

Legislative districts from which only one representative is chosen are called...

Answer 57

single-member district

Question 58

What is two major parties working together to support an issue?

Answer 58

bipartisanship

Question 59

A temporary alliance of several groups to gain a majority is called...

Answer 59

coalition

Question 60

T or F: The major political parties tend to be a moderating force in American politics.

Answer 60

True

Question 61

T or F: The power of he two major parties has always been well balanced.

Answer 61

False

Question 62

T or F: Usually political candidates try to moderate their position to please the most voters.

Answer 62

True

Question 63

T or F: The Democratic party is more liberal than the Reoublican party.

Answer 63

True

Question 64

T or F: Some minor political parties arise one particular issue.

Answer 64

True

Question 65

"Parties are a necessary ____________ in free governments; but they have not at all times the same ______________ and the same propensities." -Alexis de Tocqueville

Answer 65

evil, character