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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

bronc/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

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2
Q

bronchi/o

A

bronchial tube, bronchus

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3
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, throat

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4
Q

nas/o

A

nose

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5
Q

ox/i

A

oxygen

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6
Q

ox/o

A

oxygen

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7
Q

ox/y

A

oxygen

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8
Q

pharyng/o

A

throat, pharynx

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9
Q

phon/o

A

sound voice

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10
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura, side of the body

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11
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

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12
Q

pneum/o

A

lung, air

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13
Q

pneumon/o

A

lung, air

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14
Q

pneu-

A

lung, air

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15
Q

pulm/o

A

lung

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16
Q

pulmon/o

A

lung

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17
Q

sinus/o

A

sinus

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18
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

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19
Q

spir/o

A

to breathe

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20
Q

thorac/o

A

chest, pleural cavity

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21
Q

-thorax

A

chest, pleural cavity

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22
Q

trache/o

A

wind pipe

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23
Q

trachea

A

wind pipe

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24
Q

alveoli

A

the very small grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronchiole

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25
Q

anoxia

A

the absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood

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26
Q

antitussive

A

medicine administered to prevent or relieve coughing

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27
Q

aphonia

A

loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sound

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28
Q

asbestosis

A

the form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs

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29
Q

asphyxia

A

the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

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30
Q

asthma

A

a chronic, inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by an allergic reaction and characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing

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31
Q

atelectasis

A

the incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax

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32
Q

bradypnea

A

an abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually less than 10 breaths per minute

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33
Q

bronchodilator

A

a medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passage into the lungs

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34
Q

bronchorrhea

A

an excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

35
Q

bronchoscopy

A

the visual examination of the bronchi through using a bronchoscope

36
Q

bronchospasm

A

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles that tighten and squeeze the airway shut

37
Q

Chediyne-Stokes respiration

A

an irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea

38
Q

croup

A

an acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cards, resulting in a barking cough and stridor

39
Q

cyanosis

A

a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

40
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

a life threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucous

41
Q

diptheria

A

an acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

42
Q

dysphonia

A

difficulty speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty

43
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing, also known as shortness of breath

44
Q

emphysema

A

the progressive long term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking

45
Q

empyema

A

an accumulation of pus within a body cavity

46
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

the passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway

47
Q

epistaxis

A

bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure, also known as a nosebleed

48
Q

hemoptysis

A

the expectoration of blood or blood stained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as a result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

49
Q

hemothorax

A

a collection of blood in the pleural cavity

50
Q

hypercapnia

A

the abnormal build up of carbon dioxide in the blood

51
Q

hyperpnea

A

an increase in the depth and rate of the respiratory movements

52
Q

hypopnea

A

shallow or slow respiration

53
Q

hypoxemia

A

the condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood

54
Q

hypoxia

A

the condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body’s tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia

55
Q

laryngectomy

A

the surgical removal of the larynx

56
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx; also commonly used to describe voice loss that is caused by this inflammation

57
Q

laryngoscopy

A

the visual examination of the larynx using a laryngoscope

58
Q

laryngospasm

A

the sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

59
Q

mediastinum

A

the middle section of the chest cavity located between the lungs; this cavity contains the heart, and its veins and arteries, the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, the thymus gland, and lymph nodes

60
Q

nebulizer

A

an electronic device that pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into vapor, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouth piece

61
Q

otolaryngologist

A

a physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck

62
Q

pertussis

A

a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration

63
Q

pharyngitis

A

an inflammation of the pharynx

64
Q

phlegm

A

thick mucus secreted by the tissues lining the respiratory passages

65
Q

pleurisy

A

an inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity; causes pleurodynia

66
Q

pleurodynia

A

a sharp pain that occurs when the inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation

67
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact

68
Q

pneumonectomy

A

the surgical removal of all or part of a lung

69
Q

pneumonia

A

a serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other liquid

70
Q

pneumothorax

A

the accumulation of air in the pleural space causing a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse

71
Q

polysomnography

A

the diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep; also known as a sleep study

72
Q

pulmonologist

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system

73
Q

pulse oximeter

A

an external monitor placed on the patients fingertip or earlobe to measure the oxygen saturation level in the blood

74
Q

pyothorax

A

a collection of pus in the plural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane

75
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the sinuses

76
Q

sleep apnea

A

a potentially serious disorder in which breathing repeatedly starts and stops during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

77
Q

spirometer

A

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath

78
Q

tachypnea

A

an abnormally rapid rate of respiration, usually of more than 20 breaths per minute

79
Q

thoracentesis

A

the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

80
Q

thoracotomy

A

a surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

81
Q

tracheostomy

A

the surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing

82
Q

tracheotomy

A

an emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage

83
Q

tuberculosis

A

an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs; also known as TB, it can also affect other parts of the body

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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