Chapter 7 Flashcards
What ages are referred to as Early Childhood
2-6
During early childhood, physical growth is _____ compared to growth in infancy. Children become _______, _______, and look more like _______ at the end of early childhood
Slower, Taller, Leaner, look more like adults.
For children to become stronger, faster, and better coordinated, what has to develop ?
Motor Skills
What are some of the physical growth a child goes through in this phase
They become slender (loose baby fat) and have dramatic gains in height for the first two years, after growth is slow.
Annually, how much to children grow and how much weight do they gain
5-8 cm (2-3in) in height per year and 2-3kg(4-6ib) of weight per year
At 2 years of age, the brain already has attained _____% of its adult weight, and ___% by the age of 5
75%
90%
How does the brain gain in size
because of the Myelination of nerve fibres
What is Myelination
When the brain produces myelin that wraps around the neuronal axons (as insulation) that helps with linking the cerebellum to the cerebral cortex
The link of the cerebellum and cerebral cortex aids in what?
Fine motor skills, balance, and coordination
In what ages are children better at school work and why?
ages 4-7, because the parts of our brain that enable a child to sustain attention becomes myelinated
What is the Corpus Callosum
a thick bundle of nerve fibres that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain (complete by the age of 8 and reduced in adults)
What is the difference between damage to the brain that control language in adults and damage to the brain with a preschooler
Adult: may loose ability to speak or understand language (plasticity is lessened in adulthood)
Preschoolers: they will regain the ability to speak or comprehend language because of plasticity
What enables more Plasticity in the brain
Growth of new dendrites (sprouting) and redundancy of neural connections
What are Gross Motor Skills
skills that involve larger muscles used in locomotion
By the age of __, children can balance on 1 foot, by the age of __ or __ years, they can walk up the stairs (1foot at a time) and by the age ___ or ___ years, they can skip and pedal a tricycle.
3 years
3 or 4 years
4 or 5 years
