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UK Government > Chapter 5.2 - Development of Constitution since 1997 > Flashcards

Chapter 5.2 - Development of Constitution since 1997 Flashcards

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1
Q

BLAIR GOVERNMENT 1997-2007

A

BLAIR GOVERNMENT 1997-2007

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2
Q

What parliament majority did Blair win in the 1997 election?

A

179 seats

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3
Q

What did Blair say about the constitution and modernisation?

A

‘Modernisation is key’

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4
Q

What were Blair’s 4 main focuses in his constitutional reform programme?

A
  • Decentralisation
  • Democratisation
  • Transparency
  • Rights protection
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5
Q

*Devolution under Blair

A

*Devolution under Blair

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6
Q

What was held in Scotland and Wales in 1997?

A

Referendums on whether they wanted their own elected governments

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7
Q

What was the referendum in Northern Ireland on in 1998?

A

The Good Friday Agreement - power sharing between unionists and republicans

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8
Q

What % of Scots voted in favour of having a devolved government?

A

74%

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9
Q

What % of the Welsh voted in favour of having a devolved government?

A

50.3%

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10
Q

What was the result in a 2004 referendum in the North East on having a regional assembly?

A

78% rejected the proposal

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11
Q

By 2016, how many of the 53 referendums on having mayors were rejected?

A

37

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12
Q

What was the turnout when Andy Burnham won the mayoral election in Greater Manchester in 2017?

A

29%

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13
Q

*House of Lords reform under Blair

A

*House of Lords reform under Blair

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14
Q

How many life peers were eligible to attend the House of Lords before it was reformed?

A

1330

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15
Q

What undermined the legitimacy of the House of Lords?

A

The majority of peers were hereditary peers

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16
Q

What was the government compromise on House of Lords reform?

A

They allowed 92 hereditary peers

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17
Q

Who are 3 people Boris nominated to the House of Lords?

A
  • His father Stanley Johnson
  • His brother Jo Johnson
  • Former Culture Secretary Nadine Dorries
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18
Q

How many life peers did Blair appoint in his first term?

A

203 life peers

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19
Q

What did William Hague accuse Blair of doing?

A

Creating a ‘house full of cronies’

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20
Q

*Electoral reform under Blair

A

*Electoral reform under Blair

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21
Q

What reduced Blair’s enthusiasm for electoral reform?

A

His massive parliamentary majority in 1997

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22
Q

What did Labour do with a report by Roy Jenkins which said that FPTP should be replaced by AV?

A

They ignored it

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23
Q

What electoral system is used in Scotland and Wales?

A

Additional Member System (AMS)

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24
Q

What electoral system is used in Northern Ireland?

A

Single transferable vote (STV)

25
Q

*Human Rights Act 1998

A

*Human Rights Act 1998

26
Q

What did the 1998 Human Rights Act do?

A

It incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into British law

27
Q

When did the HRA come into force?

A

2000

28
Q

Why was the HRA important?

A

For the first time, it positively stated the rights that British citizens can claim

29
Q

Who two articles of the HRA did the Court declare had been breached in the Laporte case 2006?

A

Article 8 - right to a private life
Article 10 - right to freedom of expression
Police had acted illegally when they stopped 120 anti-Iraq war protestors from reaching RAF Fairford in 2003

30
Q

What does Article 15 of the HRA allow?

A

The government the right to suspend, or derogate from certain of its provisions

31
Q

What article did Blair suspend following the terrorist attacks on the USA, allowing the government to keep foreign terrorist suspects in custody without charge?

A

Article 5 - the right to liberty

32
Q

What Act of Parliament gave the government the authority to keep foreign terrorist suspects in prison indefinitely?

A

The Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001

33
Q

*Supreme Court under Blair

A

*Supreme Court under Blair

34
Q

What Parliament Act created the UK Supreme Court?

A

The Constitutional Reform Act 2005

35
Q

What did the 2005 CRA end?

A

The House of Lords’ judicial function

36
Q

When did the Supreme Court open?

A

2009

37
Q

What committee presides over the selection of judges?

A

Judicial Appointments Committee

38
Q

COALITION GOVERNMENT 2010-2015

A

COALITION GOVERNMENT 2010-2015

39
Q

What did Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg say about the coalition and the constitution?

A

That the coalition would be responsible for ‘the biggest shake-up of our democracy since 1832’

40
Q

*Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 under the coalition government

A

*Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 under the coalition government

41
Q

Why did the coalition government create the Fixed-term Parliaments Act?

A

It would have been a contentious decision for a coalition Prime Minister to call a general election

42
Q

What did the Fixed-term Parliaments Act state?

A

That a general election should be held exactly 5 years after the last general election

43
Q

What was the vote in Parliament on Theresa May’s decision to call an election?

A

522-13 in favour of an election

44
Q

*Electoral reform under the coalition government

A

*Electoral reform under the coalition government

45
Q

What referendum was held in 2011?

A

The AV referendum

46
Q

Why was the AV referendum held?

A

It was part of the coalition agreement with the Lib Dems

47
Q

What was the vote in the AV referendum on what turnout?

A

68% against, 42% turnout

48
Q

*Parliamentary reform under the coalition government

A

*Parliamentary reform under the coalition government

49
Q

What committee was established to give MPs more influence as a result of the recommendations from the Wright Committee?

A

Backbench Business Committee

50
Q

What change was there in regards to select committees under the coalition government?

A

The membership of select committees would no longer be determined by the whips, now elected by MPs

51
Q

*Further devolution under the coalition government

A

*Further devolution under the coalition government

52
Q

What did Wales vote for in 2011 in a referendum?

A

For its Assembly to be given primary legislative power in some areas

53
Q

What did Westminster pass as a result of the 2011 Welsh referendum?

A

Wales Act 2014

54
Q

CONSERVATIVE GOVERNMENTS SINCE 2015

A

CONSERVATIVE GOVERNMENTS SINCE 2015

55
Q

What did David Cameron give Scotland after they rejected independence?

A

Devo-max powers in the Scotland Act 2016

56
Q

What Act brought the UK out of the European Union?

A

European Withdrawal Act

57
Q

What was the bill that would have scrapped all existing EU law in the UK by the end of 2023?

A

EU Retained Law (Revocation and Reform) Bill

58
Q

What Act was passed by Parliament in 2022 which gives the police more powers to disrupt protests?

A

Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act

59
Q

What is Rishi Sunak potentially threatening to do in reaction to the small boat crossings?

A

Withdraw the UK out of the ECHR - along with Belarus and Russia

UK Government (25 decks)

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