Chapter 5 Language Flashcards
Literary Tradition
The written form of a language
Dialect
A form of a language spoken in a local area
Language Family
A group of languages that share a common ancestor before recorded history
Language Branch
A group of languages that share a common origin but have since evolved into individual languages
Roots represent?
Possible prehistoric super families trunk=long
What Germanic tribes invaded England?
Angles, Saxons, Jutes
How did the Norman invasion change the English language?
Vowels= Middle Ages-French
Why is English the most important language in NA?
Colonies/ Common spoken language in the world
What language group is English in?
West Germanic
What language branch is English in?
Germanic
What language family is English in?
Indo-European
Which group of the Germanic Family is extinct?
East Germanic, Gothic
Why hasn’t the Icelandic language changed as much as other Germanic languages?
Isolation
What usually happens when people who speak a given language migrate to a different location and become isolated from other member if their tribe?
2 languages/2 dialects, language divergence
Who are the Romance languages?
Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Romansh
Who would have spoken vulgar Latin in the Roman Empire
Soldiers
What is the most widely spoken language in Brazil
Portuguese
What is a creolized language
A mix of indigenous and colonial languages (French Creole)
What is the most widely spoken creolized language?
French Creole
What are the four most frequently spoken branches of Indo-European?
Balto-Slavic, Indo-Iranian, Romance, Germanic
What are the two most important languages in South America
Portuguese and Spanish
In what country do the Flemings and Walloons live?
Belgium
The Flemings and Walloons speak languages that belong to different
Language branches or groups
What are the official languages of Switzerland
Italian, Romansh, French, and German
Of what country is Urdu the most important language of?
Pakistan
In what language branch is Russian?
Balto-Slavic
Where do people still speak Celtic languages?
England, France, British Isles
Marija Gimbutas’ theory points to the first speakers of the Indo-European language as the…
Ancient Kurgans
Who were the Kurgans?
Horse and cattle herders form the grasslands of Duss park
Where is Basque spoken?
Pyrenees Mountains=Isolated language
According to Colin Rehfrew’s Anatolian hearth theory, Indo-European languages diffused…
With the diffusion of agriculture
What are the two largest language families in the world?
Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European
Most languages in China belong to what family?
Sino-Tibetan
What is the most spoken language in the world?
Mandarin
Chinese is written in the form of…
Ideograms
Give an example of a revived language
Hebrew
In which language family is the language spoken in Bulgaria?
Indo-European
What is the second most widely spoken language family in Europe?
Uralic
Why are there so many different languages in Africa?
Isolation between tribes
What is the most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa?
Niger-Congo
On what continent do linguists continue to add newly discovered languages to their list?
Africa
What is a lingua franca?
a language understood by people who have different native languages Ex: English
Why did the different dialects develop in England?
Different Germanic tribes invaders settled in different places
What is an Isogloss?
A boundary between language regions
What is Franglais?
The use of English in the French language
