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Micro exam 1 > chapter 5 done > Flashcards

chapter 5 done Flashcards

chapters 1-5 quiz/ assignments

1
Q

Viruses have all the following except ________.

A

Metabolism

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2
Q

Who developed a rabies vaccine by separating bacteria from virus using a filter?

A

Pasteur

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3
Q

Host cells of viruses include ________

A

.All of the choices are correct

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4
Q

.A naked virus has only a(n) _____

A

nucleocapsid

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5
Q

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except ________.

A

are located between the capsid and nucleic acid

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6
Q

Viral spikes ________.

A

protrude from the envelope

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7
Q

The core of every virus particle always contains _____.

A

either DNA or RNA

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8
Q

Reverse transcriptase synthesizes ________.

A

DNA from RNA

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9
Q

Viruses with _______ -sense RNA contain the correct message for translation, while viruses with _______ -sense RNA must first be converted into a correct message.

A

positive; negative\

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10
Q

Viruses acquire envelopes around their nucleocapsids during _____.

A

Release

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11
Q

In general, most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell’s _______, while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell’s _______.

A

nucleus; cytoplasm

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12
Q

Oncoviruses include all the following except ________

A

measles virus

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13
Q

.Viruses attach to their hosts via ________.

A

host glycoproteins

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14
Q

Viral tissue specificities are called _____.

A

Tropisms

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15
Q

Mammalian viruses capable of starting tumors are _____.

A

Oncoviruses

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16
Q

Persistent viruses that can reactivate periodically are _____.

A

chronic latent viruses

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17
Q

T-even phages ________.

A

infect Escherichia coli cells

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18
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria are specifically called _______.

A

Bacteriophages

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19
Q

Cells grown in culture form a(n) _______.

A

Monolayer

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20
Q

Infectious protein particles are called _______.

A

Prions

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21
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease is ________.

A

a spongiform encephalopathy of humans

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22
Q

The development of antiviral drug therapy is difficult because ________.

A

viruses are obligate intracellular parasites so the host cell can be harmed by the drug

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23
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding the structure and function of viral spikes?

A

They are coded for by the host genome

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24
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory virus that causes mild cold-like symptoms in most individuals, but can be more serious in infants and the elderly. RSV is so-named because ________.

A

it causes the fusion of damaged host cells, forming a large, multinucleated cell

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25
Q

A patient undergoing chemotherapy for cancer develops an infection with cytomegalovirus, conclusively diagnosed by the presence of “owl’s eye” viral nuclear inclusions in a liver biopsy. This is an example of a(n) ________.

A

cytopathic effect by cytomegalovirus

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26
Q

An ideal antiviral drug would be one that ________.

A

disrupted an integral viral process while causing little damage to the host cell

27
Q

The polio vaccine currently used in the United States, the Salk vaccine, consists of polioviruses that have been treated with chemicals so that they can no longer reproduce within host cells and thus cannot establish an infection. They are referred to as _______, rather than dead, viruses.

A

Inactive

28
Q

A viral infection in which the virus can remain latent in the host cell for weeks to years is described as a(n) _________ infection, and may lead to cancer if host DNA is altered.

A

persistent

29
Q

An RN is in a long-term care facility is caring for a 79-year-old female

(nclex) The patient asks the RN how she contracted this viral infection since she has not come in contact with anyone with anyone infected with shingles. Which of the following statements is an appropriate response?

A

Varicella zoster virus can hide from the immune system within nerve cells.

30
Q

An RN is in a long-term care facility is caring for a 79-year-old female

(nclex) Viruses contain the necessary tools to invade and control a host cell. These tools may consist of a ________.

A

capsid or envelope, nucleic acid strands of DNA or RNA, and enzymes

31
Q

An RN is in a long-term care facility is caring for a 79-year-old female

(nclex)The viral genome is carried by _____.

A

either DNA or RNA but not both

32
Q

An RN is in a long-term care facility is caring for a 79-year-old female

(nclex)Which of the following is the priority intervention to prevent the spread of shingles to other residents of the facility?

A

Perform wound care twice a day.

33
Q

An RN in a pediatric emergency department performs a triage patient on a

(nclex)Even though it is a bacterium, Clostridium botulinum can be made more pathogenic once infected with a(n) _______.

A

Bacteriophage

34
Q

An RN in a pediatric emergency department performs a triage patient on a

(nclex)the RN anticipates that the priority intervention for this patient’s care will be ________.

A

airway support

35
Q

An RN in a pediatric emergency department performs a triage patient on a

(nclex)Which of the following statements best explains how a bacteriophage can impair human health?

A

Toxins or enzymes are produced by the infected bacterial pathogen that cause pathology in humans.

36
Q

A 5-month-old female, accompanied by her parents, presents to the pediat

(nclex)Which of the following statements by the patient’s mother demonstrates a proper understanding of the cause of RSV disease?

A

RSV is caused by an RNA virus.

37
Q

A 5-month-old female, accompanied by her parents, presents to the pediat

(nclex)The patient’s parents question which antibiotic will be given to treat their daughter’s infection. You inform her that ________.

A

antibiotics target bacterial cells and do not work on viruses

38
Q

A 5-month-old female, accompanied by her parents, presents to the pediat

(nclex)If the patient receives antibiotic therapy at the hospital, the RN would expect the patient’s duration of symptoms to be _______.

A

unchanged

39
Q

.6 diseases caused by a virus

A

Covid 19
herpes
influenza
Chicken pox
Measles
warts

40
Q

. Every virus particle contains ________.

A

either DNA or RNA

41
Q

Viral capsids are composed of ________.

A

protein

42
Q

.When present, what is the viral envelope composed of?

A

Proteins and lipids

43
Q

( T/F) Almost immediately upon entry, the viral nucleic acid alters the genetic expression of the host cell.

A

True

44
Q

Viral spikes ________.

A

attach specifically to host cell receptors

45
Q

In viral entry by endocytosis ________.

A

the host cell’s plasma membrane surrounds the whole virion and forms a vesicle

46
Q

( T/F)Both enveloped and naked viruses can enter a cell by endocytosis.

A

True

47
Q

( T/F)A naked virus fuses with the host cell membrane

A

False

48
Q

What will happen once a virus has entered a host cell and uncoated?

A

The synthesis of new virions will occur

49
Q

( T/F)Viruses can be grown on culture media like bacteria

A

False

50
Q

( T/F)Animal viruses always kill cells they infect.

A

False

51
Q

An envelope is acquired during which step of the viral life cycle?

A

Release

52
Q

( T/F)All viruses leave a cell by exocytosis

A

False

53
Q

(NCLEX) The RN assists in collection of the patient’s history from the parents. All of the following reported symptoms are classic of viral meningitis, except ________.

A

low blood pressure

54
Q

(NCLEX)Laboratory results confirm the diagnosis of enteroviral meningitis. Which of the following lab test results would the RN expect on the complete blood count and differential for this patient?

A

Abnormally elevated lymphocytes in differential WBC

55
Q

(NCLEX) Which of the following statements by the patient’s parents indicates a proper understanding of the treatment plan and prognosis of viral meningitis?

A

My child will require rest and fluid administration

56
Q

Streptococcus 1 μm
Rickettsia 0.3 μm
Mimivirus 450 nm
E. coli 2 μm long
Rabies 125 nm
Adenovirus 75 nm
Yellow fever 22 nm

A

E. coli 2 μm long
Streptococcus 1 μm
Rickettsia 0.3 μm
Mimivirus 450 nm
Rabies 125 nm
Adenovirus 75 nm
Yellow fever 22 nm

56
Q

matching
a. envelope breakdown
b. engulfment
c. attachment of herpesvirus
d.virus in vesicle

A
  1. attachment of herpesvirus
    2.engulfment
    3.virus in vesicle
    4.envelope breakdown
57
Q

matching
a.membrane fusion
b.uncoating genome
c.attachment of mumps
d.nucleocapsid entry

A

1.attachment of mumps
2.membrane fusion
3.nucleocapsid entry
4.uncoating genome

58
Q

Viruses that cause infection resulting in alternating periods of activity with symptoms and inactivity without symptoms are called _____.

A

Latent

59
Q

Choose the primary reason why it is more difficult to design antiviral drugs than antibacterial drugs.

A

Antiviral drugs often must target host cell functions which results in side effects in the host.

60
Q
A
61
Q

Good luck

A
62
Q

Good luck

A
63
Q

Good luck

A

Micro exam 1 (6 decks)

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