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Life Science 5th edition, BJUPress > Chapter 4 Review > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study hereditary for all the following reasons except?

A

That many characters such as pod color and seed shape were controlled by a dozen or more interacting genes

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2
Q

When Mendel crossed purebred pea plants having green pods with purebred pea plants having yellow pods the offspring were all?

A

Hybrid peas with all green pods

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3
Q

A cross between purebred peas with inflated pods and purebred peas with pinched pods resulted in peas with all inflated pods. What is the recessive trait?

A

Pinched pods

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4
Q

Which of the following is not one of Mendel’s three principles of hereditary?

A. In a cross of purebred parents all offspring will show the dominant trait.
B. In a cross of hybrid parents all offspring will also be hybrid.
C. Two alleles for a parents genes separate and then each combines with an allele from the other parent to determine the offspring trait.
D. Each allele is passed to the offspring independently of the other alleles.

A

B. In a cross of hybrid parents, all offspring will be hybrid.

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5
Q

Alleles for a dominant trait or represented with what kind of letters?

A

uppercase

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6
Q

Which of the following is a phenotype?
A. Bb
B. Black fur
C. A pea plant
D. a Punnett square

A

B. Black fur

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7
Q

A Tt plant is covered with a tt plant. What genotype(s) would you expect the offspring to have?
A. all Tt
B. all tt
C some Tt and some tt
D. some TT, some Tt, and some tt

A

C. some Tt and some tt

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8
Q

If a father is purebred for the dominant trait of dimples (DD) and a mother is purebred for not having dimples (dd) then you should expect the couples children to what?

A

To all be Dd

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9
Q

Which of the following is an example of code dominance?
A. A pink snapdragon flower color
B. Crossing a tall plant and a short plant to produce a medium plant
C. Crossing a pea plant with round seeds and a pea plant with wrinkled seeds to produce a pea plant with round seeds
D. crossing a white horse and a black horse to produce a horse with both black hairs and white hairs

A

D. crossing a white horse and a black horse to produce a horse with both black hairs and white hairs

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10
Q

Which of the following is an example of multiple alleles?
A. Depending on the interaction of two gene, labrador retrievers can be black, brown, or yellow.
B. the gene that controls fur color and rabbits has four different alleles
C. Human eye colors controlled by up to 16 different jeans
D. a red Bull cross with a white cow produces a roan calf

A

D. A red Bull cross with a white cow produces a roan calf

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11
Q

If one parent contributes NIA all and the other parent contributes an IB alle their child will have which blood type?
A. A
B. B
C. AB
D. O

A

C. AB

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12
Q

Genetic drift would most likely occur in which of the following populations?
A. a greenhouse of snap dragons
B. an orchard with thousands of orange trees
C. A pea plant farm
D. a petting zoo with a dozen pygmy goats

A

D. A petting zoo with a dozen pygmy goats

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13
Q

A population of foxes migrate into a desert region. The number of foxes with larger ears is most likely to?
A. increase
B. decrease
C. Remain the same
D. change randomly

A

A. increase

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14
Q

What is the process by which organisms with certain adaptation survive to pass on their traits to a greater number of offspring?
A. artificial selection
B. genetic drift
C. Natural selection
D. population genetics

A

C. natural selection

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15
Q

True or false
According to Mendel’s research a dominant trait is hidden by a presence of a recessive trait.

A

False

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16
Q

True or false
A plant that follows simple dominance and has a genotype of Tt would exhibit the dominant trait.

A

True

17
Q

True or false
Different forms of genes that result in different traits are known as alleles.

A

True

18
Q

True or false
An organisms genotype determines its phenotype.

A

True

19
Q

True or false
The number of boxes in a Punnett square with hybrid genotypes tells you exactly how many hybrid offspring will be produced.

A

False

20
Q

True or false
Some characters do not follow Mendel’s principles of heredity.

A

True

21
Q

True or false
Skin color height and intelligence are controlled by a single gene.

A

False

22
Q

True or false
Natural selection has the potential to produce the variety of dogs that we see today.

A

True

23
Q

True or false
Natural selection has been observed to create new kinds of organisms.

A

False

24
Q

True or false
Natural selection cannot create new genetic information it can only remove genetic information from a population.

A

True

25
Q

Which inheritance pattern is this?

Two traits produce a blended phenotype.

A

Incomplete dominance

26
Q

Which inheritance pattern is this?

The pod color of pea plants is controlled by only one gene that has only two possible alleles.

A

Simple dominance

27
Q

What inheritance pattern is this?

A gene has more than two possible alleles.

A

Multiple alleles

28
Q

Which inheritance pattern is this?

Two or more gene interact to produce a single trait.

A

Polygenic inheritance

29
Q

What inheritance pattern is this?

Both traits are present and hybrid offspring but without blending.

A

Codominance

30
Q

The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next is called the science of what?

A

Heredity

31
Q

The letters that help visualize a pea plants genetic makeup are called what?

A

Genotype

32
Q

Crossing red flowering camellias with white flowering camellias to produce camellias with flowers that are both red and white is an example of what?

A

Codominant

33
Q

The random change in the ratio of alleles in a population overtime is known as what?

A

Genetic drift

34
Q
A
35
Q

A purebred pea plant with green pods (PP) is crossed of the hybrid pea plant with green pods (Pp) what is the probability that an offspring will be hybrid?

A

50%

36
Q

A black sheep meets with a white sheet. If wool color is an example of incomplete dominance, describe the color of the offspring.

A

The offspring would be gray

37
Q

How does natural selection affect a population differently than genetic drift does?

A

Natural selection causes the traits that best help in organism to survive and reproduce to be passed on more frequently. Genetic drift is random and unpredictable.

38
Q

A population of bacteria, some of the bacteria are immune to penicillin, while most are not. After pharmacist administered several rounds of penicillin into the bacteria culture, predict which type of bacteria will be more common. Explain your answer

A

The bacteria immune penicillin will be more common since they will be the most likely bacteria to survive and reproduce.

Life Science 5th edition, BJUPress (3 decks)

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