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A&P > Chapter 4-7 > Flashcards

Chapter 4-7 Flashcards

0
Q

Anaerobic respiration occurs when?

A

Doesn’t require oxygen

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1
Q

What is the complete chemical process of chemical change in a cell called?

A

Metabolism- broke down to energy

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2
Q

During the first part of Kerbs citric acid cycle, pyruvic acid is converted to what?

A

Acedic acid

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3
Q

The final product of fermentation is what?

A

Ethyl alcohol
CO2
NAD (glycolysis)

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4
Q

Which acid is formed during anaerobic production of ATP in muscles?

A

Lactic acid

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5
Q

The final stage of mitosis is what?

A

Telophase

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6
Q

A haploid as how many chromosomes?

A

23

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7
Q

The basic unit of biological organization of the human body is what?

A

Cell

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8
Q

Define fermentation?

A

Process in which yeast breakdown glucose anaerobically

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9
Q

Define mitosis

A

Nuclear material is exactly replicated (nuclear division)

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10
Q

The formation of what occurs during oogenesis

A

Female sex cells

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11
Q

Define DNA

A

It’s a molecule that encodes genetic instructions

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12
Q

Define carcinogens

A

Cancer causing

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13
Q

Which are of the cell does glycolysis occur

A

Cytoplasm, cytosol

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14
Q

The process if building larger molecules by combining smaller molecules is called what

A

Anabolism

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15
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissues

A

Transportation of materials, protecting of underlying tissue

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16
Q

The lining of the blood vessels is made up for what kind of cells

A

Endothelium

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17
Q

Glandular epithelial forms what type of glands

A

Exocrine

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18
Q

What type of membranes line joints and brusae

A

Synovial membrane

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19
Q

Of smooth, striated and cardiac, which type of muscle is voluntary

A

Striated

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20
Q

What type of muscle is attached to the bones

A

Skeletal muscle a form of striated tissue

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21
Q

Dendrite receives what type of stimuli

A

Nerve

22
Q

Peritoneum is the membrane that lines what cavity

A

Abdominal

23
Q

Endocardium is the inner lining of what

A

The heart

24
Q

Mast cells are loose connective tissue cells that function in the production of heparin what

A

Stimulate the production of mononuclear cell factor by monocyte

25
Q

Th connective tissue covering a whole muscle is called what

A

Fascia

26
Q

The serous membrane that covers the heart is what

A

Pericardium

27
Q

Chondrocytes are cells of what

A

Cartilage

28
Q

A bony prominence on the foot receiving excess friction may develop what

A

Corn callus

29
Q

Albinism is caused by lack of what

A

Pigment

30
Q

Cyanosis is what color of the skin

A

Blue

31
Q

What are two main characteristics of mammals

A

Warm blooded and vertebrates

32
Q

Arrector pili muscles engage when we get what

A

Scared or chilled

33
Q

What is an eponychium

A

Cuticle, found over the base of the nails

34
Q

Blackheads are produced in the presence of air and what else

A

Sebum

35
Q

What are examples of external environmental changes

A

Weather

36
Q

What is alopecia

A

Balding

37
Q

What is a disease that is a childhood disease that can also caus a related disease in adults

A

Chicken pox- shingles- varicella zoster

38
Q

Define albinism

A

Absence of skin color

39
Q

Define 1st, 2nd, & 3rd degree burns and know the difference

A

1st- involves just the epidermis
2nd- involves dermis & epidermis
3rd- dermis & epidermis are completely destroyed

40
Q

Define psoriasis

A

Condition that causes skin cells to grow quickly

41
Q

What is another name for osteomalacia

A

Rickets

42
Q

Blood cells in all stages of development are found where

A

Bone marrow

43
Q

What are some examples of flat bones

A

Sternum, ribs, scapula, pelvic bone, small bones

44
Q

The patella is what type of bone

A

Knee cap

45
Q

Bones act as storage area for mineral slats and what

A

Calcium and sodium

46
Q

Define lordosis and kyphosis

A

Lordosis- inward curvature of a portion of the spine

Kyphosis- curving of the spine that causes bowing

47
Q

What is Paget’s disease

A

Abnormal bone destruction and regrowth, results in a deformity

48
Q

Define herniated disk

A

Rupture of fibrocartilagenous that surround the invertebral disk

49
Q

Define osteomalacia

A

Softening of the bone

50
Q

What is osteoclasts

A

Large cell found in growing bone that resorbs bony tissue, teardown

51
Q

What is false and floating rib

A

5 false ribs join the sternum indirectly, 2 floating ribs have no cartilage

52
Q

Define long bone

A

Bones whose length exceed their width and consist of a diaphysis or shaft composed mainly of compact bone

A&P (4 decks)

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