Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

— matter that consists of two or more types of atoms chemically combined in definite proportions

A

Compound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

— smallest unit of a compound that retains the chemical properties of that compound

A

Molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

— elements exist as molecules

A

Molecular elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

— different forms that elements can exist in

A

Allotropes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

— pure substances that can be decomposed into 2 or more pure substances

A

Molecular Compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

— formula composed of # & type of each atom

A

Molecular formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chemical Formula

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Structural Formula

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

— anions & cations attracted to each other by electrostatic forces

A

Ionic Compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

— states force of attraction = K((n+e^-)(n-e^-))/d^2
*K = constant
*n+ = # of charges of cation
*n- = # of charges of anion
*e- = electrons charge
*d = distance between cation & anion

A

Coulomb’s law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

— tend to form cations & ionic compounds

A

Metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

— tend to form anions

A

Nonmetals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

— difficult to determine

A

Metalloids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The farther apart two elements are in a periodic table, the _______likely they are to form ionic compounds?

A

More

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

— nonmetal compounds
—

A

Molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

— smallest unit of molecular compounds

A

Molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

— normally solid; are infinite 3-D lattices

A

Ionic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Properties of ionic solids

A

— do not conduct electricity as solids
— often dissolve in water
— generate ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

— polyatomic anions

A

Oxoanions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

— prefix name for oxoanion with largest # of ions

A

Per—ate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

— postfix name for oxoanion with larger # of ions

A

Ate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

— postfix name for oxoanion with smaller # of ions

A

Ite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

— prefix name for oxoanion with smallest # of ions

A

Hypo—ite

24
Q

— compounds in which water is associated with the ions of the compound
**dot in formula signifies hydrate **

A

Hydrate Compounds

25
Q

— prefix name for 1/2

A

Hemi

26
Q

— prefix name for 2

A

Di

27
Q

— prefix name for 3

A

Tri

28
Q

— prefix name for 4

A

Tetra

29
Q

— prefix name for 5

A

Penta

30
Q

— prefix name for 6

A

Hexa

31
Q

— prefix name for 7

A

Hepta

32
Q

— prefix name for 7

A

Hepta

33
Q

— chemical bonds defined by Coulomb’s law

A

Ionic Bonds

34
Q

— chemical bonds defined by the sharing of electrons between atoms

A

Covalent Bonds

35
Q

— chemical bonds found in metals; each metal bound to several neighboring metals allowing free electrons

A

Metallic Bonds

36
Q

— pictorial representation of an atom & its valence electrons

A

Electron Dot Symbols (Lewis Symbols/Structures)

37
Q

— main group atoms tend to gain or lose electrons until surrounded by 8 valence electrons

A

Octet Rule

38
Q

— sharing of a pair of electrons

A

Covalent Bonding

39
Q

— sharing more than 1 pair of electrons

A

Multiple Bonds

40
Q

— 1 pair of electrons = how many bonds?

A

Single Bonds

41
Q

— 2 pair of electrons = how many bonds?

A

Double Bonds

42
Q

— 3 pair of electrons = how many bonds?

A

Triple Bonds
triple bond does NOT equal three single bonds

43
Q

— composed of C & H

A

Hydrocarbons

44
Q

— molecule that releases H^+ when dissolved in water

A

Acid

45
Q

— composed of hydrogen & a nonmetal

A

Binary Acid

46
Q

— composed of Hydrogen & oxoanions

A

Oxyacids

47
Q

If oxoanion ends in -ate, then the base name of the oxoanion is ____?

A

-Ic

48
Q

If oxoanion ends in -ite, then the base name of the oxoanion is ____?

A

-ous

49
Q

The formula of a compound can tell us two things?

A

1) which atoms or ions are in the compound
2) their relative #’s

50
Q

Main Group Valence Electrons are found in which two orbitals

A

s & p

51
Q

Transition Group Valence Electrons are found in which two orbitals

A

s & d

52
Q

3 ways to express molecule composition

A

1) Formula — # of each atom per molecule
2) Mass of each element per mole compound
3) Percent Composition — mass of each element per 100 grams composition

53
Q

— mass of each element per 100 grams composition

A

Percent Composition

54
Q

— simplest whole # ratio of atoms in molecules

A

Empirical Formula

55
Q
A

Combustion Analysis

Chemistry (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions