Chapter 31-Lung Cancer

Question 1

Which 2 types of lung cancer have the strongest correlation with smoking

Answer 1

Small cell

Squamous cell

Question 2

What are risk factors for lung cancer

Answer 2

Smoking
Exposure to arsenic
Asbestos
Chromium 
Beryllium 
Radon 
Air pollution
Having. Copd

Question 3

Squamous cell tumours typically occur in

Answer 3

Central airways

Question 4

Adenocarcinoma and lg cell carcinoma occur in what area of the lung

Answer 4

The periphery

Question 5

Central airway tumours cause

Answer 5

Cough
Hemoptysis
Central airway obstruction

Question 6

Peripheral tumours cause

Answer 6

Dyspnea
Cough
Pain if pleura or chest wall involved

Question 7

What is the modt common type of lung cancer

Answer 7

Non small cell

Question 8

What is paraneoplastic syndrome

Answer 8

When proteins produced by tumours circulate through the body causing symptoms in organs that are uneffected by tumors

Question 9

When is a tumour considered a nodule

Answer 9

If it is smaller than 3 cm in diameter

Question 10

When is a tumour considered a mass

Answer 10

When it is more than 3cm in diameter

Question 11

What does T1 stage mean

Answer 11

Confined to the lung, less than 3cm

Question 12

What is a t2 tumour

Answer 12

3-7cms, or any size that extends into the visceral pleura or main bronchus but remains 2cm or more from the Carina

Question 13

What is a T3 tumour

Answer 13

Locally advanced or invasive tumour, including anything excluding the major intrathorscic structures
Or larger than 7cms

Question 14

What is a t4 tumour

Answer 14

Any size that invades major structures such as carina, heart, great vessels, trachea or esophagus

Question 15

When a lobectomy is done, how much lung function is lost

Answer 15

10-15 percent

Question 16

When a pneumectomy is done, how much lung function is lost

Answer 16

30-35 percent

Question 17

When is a cardiac work up required prior to surgery

Answer 17

When pt has cardiac meds or is unable to climb two flights of stairs

Question 18

What conditions require cardiac stress testing

Answer 18

Two or more of:
Previous ischemic heart disease
Stroke or transient ischemic attack
Creatinine more than 2 mg\dl 
Planned pneumectomy

Question 19

What are the 3 consequences of pulmonary disease

Answer 19

Dysregulation of respiratory drive or rate
Loss of control over the mechanics of breathing
Loss of muscle strength of muscles responsible for airway protection and cough