Chapter 3 Quiz Flashcards
Proteins are composed of
amino acids, which contain an amino group, a R variable, and acid group.
A dehydration reaction forms
A covalent bond called a peptide bond
A polypeptide is when
a chain of amino acids are formed together
Role of ATP
provides energy for nerve impulse, muscle contraction, other chemical reactions necessary for life
A nucleotide is composed of
adenine, ribose, and three phosphate molecules
Phosphate molecules in a nucleotide are stable or unstable?
Unstable bonds.
When the phosphate bonds break…
energy is released, creating adenosine diphosphate
Characteristics of Nucleotides
Monomers, consist of pentose sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen-containing base.
Characteristics of Nucleic Acids
Polymers, form a double helix, consist of sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogen bases.
Carbon has 6 __ and 6 ___
Protons and Electrons
Carbon shares electrons with
Carbon, Hydrogen, Phosphate, Oxygen, Sulfur, and Nitrogen
Subunits of protein
Amino Acids (polymers would be polypeptides)
Subunits of Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides
Bases of RNA
Adenine or guanine bases
Bases of DNA
Thymine or cytosine
Functional Group Name and Importance
Carboxyl, present in fatty acids and amino acids
Functional Group Name and Importance
Hydroxyl, present in sugar and some amino acids
Functional Group Name and Importance
Carbonyl, present in sugars
Functional Group Name and Importance
Amino, present in all amino acids
Functional Group Name and Importance
Sulfhydryl, present in some amino acids
Functional Group Name and Importance
Phosphate, present in phospholipids and nucleotides
